Lung disorder is a rare problem for males and females. This condition develops due to smoking cigarettes, dust and certain chemicals, which leads to damage in lungs and airways. It may result in shortness of breath, chest pain, low blood pressure etc.

The treatment of this medical condition is most essential for patients. This can be possible through bronchoscopy surgery treatment. It is a procedure in which a doctor looks into the airway to diagnose lung problems in patients. This method is recommended when other surgical approaches are unable to manage these conditions. It provides relief from respiratory symptoms and will be recommended for pneumonia and tuberculosis in severe cases.

Types of Bronchoscopy

This surgery is of two kinds. These are as follows:

Flexible Bronchoscopy: The airways are navigated more easily without the requirement of general anesthesia or sedative medicine. This method is recommended for the management of persistent cough, abnormal chest X-ray etc.
Rigid Bronchoscopy: A large and firm tube is involved for the identification of the airways. It is performed under general anesthesia and usually applicable for heavy bleeding, airway obstruction etc.

Benefits

The advantages of this surgery are as follows:

It removes mucus or other blockages in the airways and controls bleeding in the bronchi.
This method is recommended for the identification of lung diseases, infections and tumors in patients.
The medications are delivered directly into the lungs.
It uses laser therapy or radiation treatment for the treatment of small tumors in individuals.

Risks and Complications

This surgical procedure is safe and effective but can cause several complications in individuals. These are as follows:

Collapsed lung
Bleeding and Infection
Air in pleural space
Hoarseness
Breathing problem
Fever
Irregular heart rhythms
Pulmonary hypertension

Procedure

Before Procedure

The things that can be expected before the surgery are as follows:

A consent form must be signed by an individual before the surgical procedure. Before signing, read it carefully and consult with a healthcare provider if he or she is facing any kind of issue related to the form.
Some medication drugs such as warfarin, aspirin etc., must be stopped to minimize the risk of bleeding. If a person is suffering from heart disease or diabetes, then specific instructions will be provided to him or her.
It is important for an individual to avoid eating and drinking for a few hours since vomiting might occur during the procedure.
A sedative medicine or anesthesia will be given to a patient based on the requirements of a surgery.
The arrangements can be made for childcare, household chores and other tasks during recovery.

During Procedure

The following steps that can be performed during the surgical procedure:

A patient must remove their clothes, jewelry and other metal objects and then he or she must change into a hospital gown.
An intravenous injection will be applied in the arms or hands. This helps the patient to relax and provides a better sleep during the surgery

A healthcare provider may give a liquid medicine or apply a numbing spray to your nose and throat.
A thin, tube-like instrument known as a bronchoscope will be inserted into the nose and throat. After that, it will be navigated from the nose and into the airways.

The brushes or needles might be connected with a bronchoscope to collect tissue samples for the treatment of any type of lung condition.
A process known as bronchial washing might be used for the collection of a large number of the epithelial cells. It will be helpful for diagnosing certain problems such as infection, cancer etc.
The small tube, known as stent, is inserted into the bronchi to keep the airway open.
A bronchoscopy will be removed from the lungs after the procedure completion.

After Procedure

A patient will be taken into a recovery room for monitoring breathing and swallowing problems after the surgical procedure. The chest X-ray might also be recommended for the identification of any signs of problems.

Some side effects such as sore throat, muscle aches, cough or hoarseness might occur after the surgery. In this condition, a patient can gargle with the warm saltwater or take a throat lozenges medication drug for the minimization of pain or discomfort.

An individual can resume their normal diet and physical activities if instructed by a healthcare provider. The lifting of heavy objects and strenuous activities must be prohibited for a few days.

It is essential for a patient to consult with their provider immediately, if he or she suffers from the following conditions:

Severe hoarseness
Breathing problem
Blood while coughing
Chest pain
Dizziness or fainting
Fever for more than one day

What Conditions can be Treated from this Surgery?

A healthcare professional recommends this surgical procedure for the treatment of certain health conditions. These include the following:

Interstitial pulmonary disease
Vocal cord paralysis
Airway obstruction
Pneumonia
Tuberculosis
Parasitic lung infection
Bronchial cancer
Lung damage
Rejection of a transplanted lung

This surgery is not suggested for the management of tracheal stenosis, pulmonary hypertension etc. If a patient is suffering from these health problems, then they must consult with a relevant doctor.