Hypertension Treatment

Hypertension is a high pressure when the blood puts pressure against the arterial walls. The symptoms are not very visible, because of this, it is called a silent killer. It damages the blood vessels and may cause serious diseases like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, etc. Around 1.28 billion people are dealing with hypertension, and they are looking for the best Hypertension treatment. You can measure it in two ways, i.e., which maximum blood pressure that occurs per heartbeat. This systolic BP ranges from 90 to 120 mm Hg. Although the minimum pressure between two heartbeats is called the diastolic BP. It ranges from 60 to 80 mm Hg. The blood pressure of the patient is written as 120/80 mm Hg.

Types of Hypertension

• Primary Hypertension: It is a common type that changes in lifestyle and other factors.
• Secondary Hypertension: It includes various medical conditions.
• White Coat Hypertension: When blood pressure gets raised while at hospitals and clinics, rather than at home.
• Masked Hypertension: BP is normal while at the hospital however, it gets increased at home or in other places.
• Sustained Hypertension: Blood pressure is high at both places.
• Nocturnal Hypertension: This occurs at night.

What Are Hypertension Causes?

The causes of hypertension are categorized into two types, which are mentioned below:

Essential Hypertension

It is a primary hypertension in which the blood pressure is much higher than usual, which damages the arterial walls. The include environmental and genetic factors that cause hypertension are as follows:

• Depression
• Age
• Alcohol intake
• Uric acid
• Unhealthy diet
• Changes in the DNA segment due to DNA methylation (genetic disorder)
• Gum-related disease
• Air pollution
• Nutrient deficiencies like vitamin D
• Inflammatory arthritis
• Physical inactive
• Smoking

Secondary Hypertension

The causes of this type are known, which include certain types of medical conditions.

• Obesity
• Thyroid disease
• Sleep-related breathing problem
• Use of non-prescribed medications like cocaine, etc.
• Adrenal disease
• Congenital conditions like coarctation of the aorta

Symptoms Of Hypertension

Hypertension has no symptoms till it reaches a high level, however, there may be some symptoms which some people. These are as follows:

• Vomiting
• Severe headache
• Trouble breathing
• Pain in the chest
• Anxiety
• Fatigue
• Vision problem
• Irregular heartbeat
• Nausea

Hypertension Diagnosis In India

There are some tests that can help to detect hypertension, which are mentioned below:

• Measuring BP: It can be measured with the help of an instrument called blood pressure monitor. It can be done by placing its cuff over the arm that is connected with the machine. Now press the ‘on’ button, then this cuff will start to inflate and determine systolic and diastolic pressure. There are 2 types of stages which will tell about the pressure.
  • Stage 1:
    • Upper Reading: 130 and 139 mm Hg
    • Lower Reading: 80 and 89 mm Hg
  • Stage 2:
    • Upper Reading: Above 140 mm Hg
    • Lower Reading: Above 90 mm Hg
• Electrocardiogram: The information about the electrical activity of the heart can be done by using electrodes. These are attached on the chest and other parts of the body.
• Lab Tests: The sample of the blood and urine can be checked to know glucose and cholesterol level.
• Echocardiogram: This test gives a clear image of the heart to see  the heart and its nearby blood vessels.

Hypertension Treatment

It is easy to treat hypertension, there are various things you can do to maintain your blood pressure, these are mentioned below:

Changes in the Lifestyle

Some changes in your lifestyle can lower your blood pressure, and there may be no need to take any medicines. It can be your first line of treatment to prevent and treat hypertension.

• You should involve yourself in some physical exercises and activities, like aerobics, yoga etc., It is the best way to boost your body’s metabolism and it will help you in many way like weight lose, maintaining your level of sugar and cholesterol.
• According to the WHO, an individual should limit themselves by using salt. Its intake should b e less than 2000 mg per day. Consumption of more than the limit amount may raise BP.
• You should follow a healthy diet by making any changes in your regular diet. This will help you to maintain your blood pressure.
• Approx. 5000 milligrams of potassium should be taken as a supplement per day. There are some foods, like potatoes, avocados, etc, that should be taken to  to lower down blood pressure.
• Alcohol should be used in limits.

Uses of Medications

There are some types of various medications which can be consumed alone or in combination.

• Calcium Channel Blockers: This medication helps to reduce blood pressure and is also known as antihypertensive medication. This inhibitor interrupts the movement of calcium through Ca2+ channel. It helps to relax the muscles and treat high blood pressure.
• ACE Inhibitor: This blocker helps to relax the pressure in the blood vessels by reducing the blood volume. It is done by preventing the release of angiotensin II hormone which lowers the blood pressure as well as treating heart problem.
• Water Pills: It is also called water pills because it helps to flush out extra water and sodium from the body. For example, thiazide which may be taken with other high-BP drugs. This treatment is the first choice for treating hypertension.
• ARB: These Angiotensin Receptor Blockers is one of the best blood pressure medications for kidney disease, hypertension and heart failure by preventing the action of angiotensin II receptor blockers.