Emhlabeni wanamuhla, umdlavuza wesibeletho ungomunye wezifo ezinkulu ezisongela impilo ezingabonwa abantu abaningi. Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ukhula olubi olukhula emangqamuzaneni omlomo wesibeletho. Uyingxenye engezansi yesibeletho, exhumanisa kwesibeletho esithweni sangasese sowesifazane. Kunezimpawu ezithile umuntu angazi ngazo ukuthi unomdlavuza wesibeletho noma cha. Izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza wesibeletho ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, njll. Kule bhulogi, sizoxoxa ngezimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza wesibeletho nokunye okuningi. Ngakho hlala ubukele, kuze kube sekupheleni.
Uyini Umdlavuza Womlomo wesibeletho?
Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho a umdlavuza lapho kukhula khona amangqamuzana anomdlavuza ayingozi emlonyeni wesibeletho. Ingxenye engezansi nencane yesibeletho, exhumanisa isibeletho nesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Ibangela umdlavuza ngokuvamile ngesikhathi socansi phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Ibangela ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo ngegciwane le-HPV eliyingozi kakhulu.
Yiziphi Izimpawu Zokuqala Zomdlavuza Wesibeletho?
Kunezimpawu ezahlukahlukene zomdlavuza wesibeletho umuntu angazi ngazo ukuthi unesifo somdlavuza wesibeletho noma cha futhi angahlela ukwelashwa kwawo ngokufanele. Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibeletho zibonakala kakhulu ngezigaba. Kunezigaba ezahlukene, njenge:
Isigaba 1: Izimpawu Zokuqala
Yisinyathelo sokuqala noma isigaba lapho izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibeletho zincane khona. Kulesi sigaba, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unomdlavuza wesibeletho noma cha. Ezinye zezimpawu kulesi sigaba yilezi:
Ukopha Okungavamile Esithweni Sangasese
Ukopha okungajwayelekile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kuyinkinga eyenzeka ngemva komjikelezo ojwayelekile wokuya esikhathini. Le nkinga iyenzeka ngesikhathi socansi, ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngesikhathi sokuchama. Kwenzeka ngoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza okuqala alimaza imithambo yegazi yomlomo wesibeletho futhi acasule isitho sangasese sowesifazane ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukukhipha Isitho sangasese esingajwayelekile
Ukuphuma koketshezi olungavamile esithweni sangasese sowesifazane kuwuketshezi olucacile noma olumhlophe oluphuma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane. Kuhlanganisa izinguquko zombala, iphunga elibi elinamandla, izinguquko zokuthungwa. Kwenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi kanye nokushintsha kwama-hormone.
Ubuhlungu Ngesikhathi Socansi
Kuyaziwa nangokuthi i-dyspareunia kanye nobuhlungu obuvamile kanye nobobulili ngesikhathi noma ngemva kocansi, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu ngaphandle nangaphakathi esithweni sakho sangasese. Ungazizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu ngesikhathi sokungena okujulile noma ukutheleleka esithweni sangasese sangasese.
Ukungakhululeki kwe-pelvic
Ukungakhululeki kwe-pelvic ubuhlungu obuzwakala buphansi esiswini naphakathi kwezinqe futhi bubangelwa ukukhula kwesimila ekuqaleni. Kungaba ubuhlungu obuncane noma obukhulu futhi bungase buvele ezithweni zokuzala noma zomchamo. Kungelashwa ngemithi kanye nokuhlinzwa.
Isigaba 2: Isigaba Esiphakathi
Kulesi sigaba, umdlavuza ufinyelela ngale kwesibeletho futhi kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Ezinye zezimpawu zesigaba esithuthukile yilezi:
Ubuhlungu Obuqhubekayo Be-Pelvic Noma Emhlane Ophansi
Kulesi sigaba, isimila sisakazeka emithanjeni, emisipheni nasezithweni ze-pelvis. Sibangela ubuhlungu obungapheli nobungathi sína e-pelvis nangaphansi komhlane.
Ukopha Kakhulu Esikhathini
Kuhilela umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini omude futhi ongajwayelekile ngoba umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho uphazamisa umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kanye nokusebenza okuvamile komlomo wesibeletho.
Ubuhlungu Ngesikhathi Sokuchama
Esigabeni esiphakathi somdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, uzwa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi uchama ngoba umdlavuza ucindezela esinyeni kanye ne-urethra okubangela ukusha kanye nobuhlungu esithweni sangasese sowesifazane.
Ubuhlungu Ngesikhathi Sokunyakaza Kwamathumbu
Yizimpawu ezingabonakala esigabeni esithuthukile somdlavuza. Ngokuvamile kwaziwa ngokuthi i-dyschezia lapho isimila sikhula khona ngale komlomo wesibeletho kanye nezitho ze-pelvic eziseduze. Isimila sithinta ngqo noma ngokungaqondile imithambo ye-pelvic futhi siholele ebuhlungwini ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwendle.
Isigaba 3: Isigaba Esithuthukile
Esigabeni esithuthukile somdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, isimila sifinyelela kwezinye izitho ezifana nesibindi, izinso, njll. Ezinye zezimpawu kulesi sigaba yilezi:
Ubuhlungu Obunzima Be-Pelvic Nesisu
Esigabeni esithuthukile somdlavuza, umdlavuza usakaza izimpawu zawo kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi ubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu kanye nesisu. Ubuhlungu buvela ngoba imizwa kanye nesitho somzimba kungenelwa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
Ukwehla Kwesisindo Ngokungazelelwe
Njengoba isimila sikhula futhi sithinta ezinye izingxenye zomzimba, sithinta indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo kanye nesifiso sokudla okuholela ekunciphiseni isisindo ngokushesha nangokungazelelwe.
Ukuvuvukala Kwemilenze
Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze kwaziwa nangokuthi i-lymphedema lapho imithambo ye-lymph ivinjiwe khona futhi kubangele ukunqwabelana koketshezi emilenzeni. Kuholela ekuvuvukeni kwemilenze futhi ungase uzizwe sengathi umlenze wakho usinda kunangaphambili.
Ubuhlungu Bamathambo
Njengoba isimila sikhula silimaza ezinye izingxenye zomzimba, okwenza ithambo libe buthakathaka. Kuholela ebuhlungwini ethanjeni ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni zesinqe, imilenze kanye nomgogodla.
Izinkinga Zezinso
Ngesikhathi somdlavuza, izinhlelo zokukhipha umchamo ziyaphazamiseka okuholela ekuvinjweni komchamo futhi kubangele izinkinga eziningi zezinso njengokuncipha kokuchama, ukukhathala okukhulu, njll.
Ubunzima bokuphefumula
Esigabeni esithuthukile, isimila sisakazekela emaphashini futhi kuholela ekuphefumulweni okunzima kanye nokukhwehlela okungapheli. Uketshezi luqongelela emaphashini futhi lwenze kube nzima kakhulu ukuphefumula. Ungase ukhwehlele njalo futhi ube nobuhlungu esifubeni.
Ungazihlonza Kanjani Izimpawu Zokuqala Zomdlavuza Wesibeletho?
Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kuyinqubo enezigaba eziningi ehlanganisa ukuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa, njll. Nazi izinyathelo zokuxilonga:
Ukusola Kwezokwelapha
Ukuxilongwa kuqala ikakhulukazi ngabesifazane abanezimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Ubuhlungu obungavamile besitho sangasese sowesifazane
- Ukunuka kabi
- Ukukhishwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
- Ubuhlungu be-pelvic
Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho azibonakali futhi zingatholakala ngokuhlolwa okuvamile.
Ukuhlola Ukuhlola
Lesi isinyathelo sokuqala sokuthola umdlavuza wesibeletho. Sihlanganisa:
- I-Pap Smear: Kuyaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kwePapanicolaou lapho kuthola khona amangqamuzana angaphambi komdlavuza kanye namangqamuzana anomdlavuza emlonyeni wesibeletho. Kubonisa imiphumela engavamile njenge-ASCUS, i-HSIL, njll. Akuqinisekisi umdlavuza futhi kubonisa ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.
- I-HPV DNA Test: Lokhu kuhlolwa kuyadingeka ukuze kutholakale igciwane le-HPV eliyingozi kakhulu, njenge-HPV-16 kanye ne-HPV-18. Kwenziwa kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-Pap Smear.
I-Colposcopy
Kwenziwa uma ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap Smear kanye ne-HPV kungavamile. Kulolu hlelo lokuhlola i-colposcope, ithuluzi lokukhulisa lisetshenziswa ukuhlola umlomo wesibeletho futhi lisiza ekuboneni indawo eqondile yokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy.
I-Biopsy yesibeletho
Kule nqubo, izicubu ziyasuswa emlonyeni wesibeletho. Kulokhu kuhlolwa, odokotela bathatha amasampula amancane ezicubu emlonyeni wesibeletho ukuze bahlole amangqamuzana angaphambi komdlavuza kanye nalawo anomdlavuza.
Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe
Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe kuhlanganisa i-CT scan, i-MRI, njll.
- I-MRI Pelvis: I-MRI ye-pelvis iwukuhlolwa okubonakalayo lapho kusetshenziswa khona imishini enama-magnet anamandla namagagasi omsakazo ukudala isithombe sendawo ephakathi kwamathambo enqulwini. Isetshenziselwa ukuhlonza usayizi wesimila.
- Ukuskena kwe-CT: Isetshenziselwa ukuhlonza ukuthi ama-lymph node athintekile yini ngumdlavuza noma cha. Ihlanganisa ukuskenwa kwamaphaphu nesibindi.
Yiziphi Izindlela Zokwelapha Izimpawu Zokuqala Zomdlavuza Wesibeletho?
Ukwelashwa kwezimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza wesibeletho kusekelwe ezigabeni zomdlavuza. Kuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa, njll. Ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha zifaka:
Ukwelashwa Okusekelwe Esigabeni
Kulokhu, imithi kanye nokwelashwa kusekelwe esimweni seziguli kanye nesigaba somdlavuza ababhekene naso. Ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha ezisekelwe ezigabeni yilezi:
1 internship
Ngomdlavuza wesigaba 1, ukwelashwa kugxile ekuhlinzeni, njenge-cone biopsy, hysterectomy ukulondolozwa kokuzala, kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe bulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
2 internship
Esigabeni sesi-2 somdlavuza wesibeletho, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngosizo lwe-combined imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe kanye ne-brachytherapy ukususa ama-lymph node nokubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
3 internship
Esigabeni sesi-3 somdlavuza wesibeletho, ukwelashwa kugxile ekuhlanganisweni kwe-chemotherapy kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphakathi neyangaphandle ukuze kuncishiswe futhi kumiswe ukusabalalisa isimila kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Ezimweni ezinobungozi obukhulu, ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy kusetshenziswa ukuyeka ukusabalalisa amaseli omdlavuza kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
4 internship
Kulesi sigaba somdlavuza wesibeletho, ukwelashwa kugxile kakhulu ekulawuleni ukukhula nokuphatha izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibeletho. Ukwelashwa okubandakanya kulesi sigaba ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okuhlanganiswe nokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle neyangaphakathi, ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy kanye nokwelashwa okuqondiwe.
Ziyini Izingozi Zomdlavuza Wesibeletho Ngemva Kokwelashwa?
Isifo ngasinye sinezindlela zaso zokwelapha futhi izindlela zokwelapha nazo zinezingozi ezithile. Kukhona nezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile ekwelashweni komdlavuza wesibeletho:
Izinguquko Emijikelezweni Yokuya Esikhathini
Izindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa kumdlavuza wesibeletho njengokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe, zingathinta ama-ovari futhi zinciphise imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuya esikhathini kungase kume izinyanga futhi kuholele ekunqamukeni kokuya esikhathini kusenesikhathi.
Izinguquko Esinyini Nasemathunjini
Ukwelashwa ngemisebe okusetshenziswa ekwelapheni umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kuthinta imizwa nezicubu ezilawula isinyi. Kwaholela ekuchameni njalo, ekuvuzeni noma ekuchameni ngenkathi uhleka noma ukhwehlela.
Ubuhlungu bePelvic
Ngemva kokwelashwa, ubuhlungu be-pelvic buvamile kulabo ababenomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Ngokuvamile bubangelwa izinguquko zokuphulukiswa komzimba. Kunezinye izizathu ezifana nokwelashwa ngemisebe okubangela ukuqina nokucasuka kwezicubu ze-pelvic.
Ukuzala kanye Nezingozi Zokukhulelwa
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesibeletho kungathinta ukuzala nokukhulelwa kuye ngohlobo lokwelashwa olusetshenziswayo. Ukuhlinzwa kanye ne-chemotherapy kungavimba ikhono lokukhulelwa njengoba ukwelashwa noma ukuhlinzwa kungathinta isibeletho kanye nama-ovari.
Izinzuzo Zomdlavuza Wesibeletho Ngemva Kokwelashwa
Izinzuzo zomdlavuza wesibeletho ngemva kokwelashwa njengokuthuthukisa impilo, ukulawula umdlavuza, njll. Zimbalwa zazo ezibalwe ngezansi.
- Ukulawulwa Komdlavuza: Umdlavuza awukwazi ukwelapheka ngokuphelele kodwa ungalawulwa ngokwelashwa okusebenzayo kanye nemithi. Ngosizo lokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe, izingozi zomdlavuza wesibeletho zincane kakhulu.
- Ukulindela Ukuphila Okuthuthukisiwe: Izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho zinezinga eliphezulu lempumelelo futhi ngosizo lokwelashwa okusebenzayo nokuhlelekile kanye nemithi kwandisa amathuba okusinda isikhathi eside.
- Thuthukisa Ikhwalithi Yempilo: Ngosizo lokwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe, abantu abaningi baphila impilo yabo evamile kalula futhi baphila impilo yabo ngokuzethemba okukhulu nenjabulo kunangaphambili.
- Ukulondolozwa Kwenzalo: Esigabeni sokuqala somdlavuza wesibeletho abesifazane abaningi bangagcina ikhono lokukhulelwa ngosizo lwezokwelapha ezigcina inzalo.
Isiphetho
Umdlavuza wesibeletho ungenye yezifo ezinkulu nezivamile kulezi zinsuku. Kwenzeka ngesikhathi socansi phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane. Lo mdlavuza unikeza izimpawu zokuqala njengokuphuma kwegazi esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, njll. futhi ungelapheka ezigabeni zawo zokuqala. Kule bhulogi, sixoxe ngawo wonke amaqiniso abalulekile ezimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza wesibeletho ezingasiza umuntu ngamunye ukuqonda lonke ulwazi mayelana nomdlavuza wesibeletho.
