Umhlaza webele sesinye sezifo eziphambili zomhlaza emhlabeni. Uchaphazela abafazi abaninzi, kodwa amadoda nawo afunyaniswa enomhlaza webele minyaka le. Esi sifo senzeka xa iiseli zebele ziqala ukutshintsha nokukhula ngendlela engalawulekiyo. Ukuba umhlaza webele uyanda kwaye usasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, kufuneka unyango olufanelekileyo. Kule bhlog, siza kuxoxa ngokuba ungasinda ixesha elingakanani umhlaza webele ngaphandle konyango kunye nezinto ezichaphazela izinga lokusinda kwezigulane zomhlaza webele.
Ukuba umntu uthe wafunyaniswa ukuba unalo mhlaza, ucinga ukuba angaphila ixesha elingakanani ngaphandle konyango. Ukusinda kwesigulana somhlaza webele ngaphandle konyango kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengokukhula kweeseli ezinomhlaza kunye nokukhula kwesigulana ngokubanzi.
Yintoni umhlaza webele?
Luhlobo lomhlaza oluqala kwiiseli zamabele. Kwenzeka xa iseli ebeleni iqalisa ukutshintsha kwaye ikhule ngokungalawulekiyo. Ngoku, ezi seli zingeyomfuneko ziqalisa ukwenza amaqhuma okanye iintlanti ezibizwa ngokuba ngamathumba.
Ukuba la mathumba ayabulala okanye akunjalo kuxhomekeke ekusasazeni kunye nobukhulu bomhlaza. Ukuba umhlaza awusasazeki kwezinye iithishu okanye iindawo. Emva koko ayibangeli naziphi na iingxaki ezinkulu ezinxulumene nempilo, kwaye unyango alufunwa kwisigulane. Kodwa ukuba iiseli zinwenwela kwamanye amalungu omzimba, oko kuyabulala kwaye kufuna unyango olufanelekileyo.
Kutheni le nto unyango lubalulekile kwizigulana zoMhlaza wamabele?
Ezinye izigulana azifuni ukuthatha unyango ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ezifana neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye ukuzama iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Kwiimeko ezininzi, izinga lokusinda eliphakathi limalunga neminyaka eyi-2.3 ukuya kweyi-2.7, kwaye yi-18.4% kuphela enokuphila ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-5 enomhlaza webele onganyangwanga. Ngelixa ezinye iinkcukacha zembali zibonisa ukuba abanye abantu banokuphila ixesha elide ngaphandle konyango lomhlaza webele, kodwa umgangatho wobomi uba sezantsi emva kokuphila nethumba. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha unyango lomhlaza webele ukunciphisa iingxaki zempilo kunye nokunyusa izinga lokusinda. Unyango lunceda kakhulu ukususa iiseli zomhlaza kunye nokuthintela ithuba lokusasazeka nokuphindaphinda.
Yintoni Echaphazela Ukusinda Kwezigulana Zomhlaza Webele Ngaphandle Konyango?
Izinto ezahlukeneyo zichaphazela izinga lokusinda kwesigulana somhlaza webele esinganyangwanga. Ezinye zazo zidweliswe ngezantsi:
Inqanaba loMhlaza
Isigaba somhlaza sesinye sezona zinto zibalulekileyo ezichaphazela izinga lokusinda kwezigulana. Amanqanaba okuqala omhlaza akhula ngokucothayo kwaye awanwenweli kwamanye amalungu omzimba, ngoko ke impembelelo yawo kwimpilo yomntu incinci kakhulu. Inqanaba eliphezulu lomhlaza lisasazeka kwaye lichaphazela impilo yomntu wonke. Kungenxa yoko le nto umntu okwinqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza angaphila ixesha elide kunomntu ofunyenwe kamva.
Uhlobo loMhlaza wamabele
Izinga lokusinda kwesigulana ubukhulu becala lixhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba. Iintlobo ezincinci zeemolekyuli zomhlaza wamabele ziziphatha ngokucacileyo emzimbeni womntu. I-HERP2-positive umhlaza webele ubonisa ukukhula okucothayo kwaye ukusasazeka xa kuthelekiswa noMhlaza webele webele one-Triple-Negative, osasazeka kakhulu kwaye unika ixesha elincinci lokusinda.
IBanga kunye nobungakanani boMhlaza
Umhlaza omncinci kunye nomgangatho ophantsi uthatha ixesha elide ukukhula kwaye usasazeke kwezinye iilymph nodes kunye negazi. Ke ineengxaki eziphantsi emzimbeni kwaye inika ixesha elininzi lokusinda. Ngelixa i-tumor enkulu kunye nekhwalithi ephezulu kwinqanaba lokuqala inokuchaphazela ngokukrakra umzimba wesigulana, kwaye inika ixesha elincinci lokusinda.
KwiSitu kunye neMetastasis
Umhlaza webele ongahlaseliyo awusasazeki kwezinye iindawo zezicubu kunye ne-lymph nodes. Inokushiywa inganyangwa ngokuhlolwa rhoqo kwaye inezinga eliphezulu lokusinda. Ngelixa i-metastasis, umhlaza wamabele unokusasazeka kwamanye amalungu abalulekileyo omzimba wakho kwaye ubangele ukusilela kwelungu. Ukuphila ixesha elide kunye ne-metastasis ngaphandle konyango kunzima kakhulu.
Ukungaphili
Xa umhlaza usasazeka kwezinye iindawo ezibalulekileyo zomzimba, uqala ukuchaphazela ingqondo nesibindi sakho, kwaye uphazamise ukusebenza kwamalungu. Oku kubangela iziphumo ezininzi zesibini emzimbeni, njengentloko ebuhlungu kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla. Ezi ngxaki zenza ubomi bakho bube nzima kwaye bubeke ubomi esichengeni. Ukubonisana nogqirha kunokusindisa ubomi kunye nokuphucula imeko yempilo yakho.
Inkqubo yomzimba
Umntu onokhuselo lomzimba oluphezulu unokulwa nomhlaza wamabele kwangethuba kwaye abe nethuba eliphezulu lokusinda ngaphandle konyango.
Ubudala kunye neMpilo ngokubanzi
Umntu omncinci onempilo ephilileyo unokukwazi ukulwa nomhlaza webele kwaye aphile ixesha elide ngaphandle konyango. Ngelixa umntu omdala enamathuba amancinci okuphila nomhlaza onganyangwanga.
Yeyiphi imingcipheko yoMhlaza wamabele onganyangwanga?
Umhlaza wamabele onganyangwanga unokwenza imeko yakho ibe mandundu kwaye inokubangela imeko ebeka ubomi esichengeni. Eminye yemingcipheko emikhulu yomhlaza webele onganyangwanga yile:
Ubuhlungu
Ukuphila ngaphandle konyango lomhlaza kunokubangela iintlungu eziqatha kakhulu kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo zomzimba. Xa umhlaza usasazeka, iintlungu zenzeka kwezinye iindawo ezibuthathaka zomzimba, ekunzima ukuzinyamezela. Ukuba intlungu ayinyamezeleki, ngoko ke ukubonisana nodokotela kukhetho olungcono kwizigulane. Ngaphandle konyango, oku kubangela ukungonwabi kwaye kunokuchaphazela imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.
Ukusilela kweOrgan
Xa umhlaza usasazeka emva koko uchaphazela ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kweendawo ezahlukeneyo ezibalulekileyo zomzimba. Intliziyo, imiphunga, isibindi kunye nezintso ziqala ukusilela kwaye zikhokelela kwiimeko ezisongela ubomi. Oonobangela besibini, njengokusilela kwelungu, baba ngunobangela wokufa kumhlaza webele onganyangwanga.
Ukudinwa kunye nokunciphisa umzimba
Ngaphandle kokuthatha unyango olululo, umzimba wakho ulwa wodwa ngokuchasene nomhlaza wamabele ngaphandle kwawo nawaphi na amayeza asindisa ubomi kunye nenkxaso. Ngenxa yale mpilo yonke yomzimba iyancitshiswa, kwaye iqala ukubonisa iimpawu zokudinwa kunye nokuncipha ngokukhawuleza kobunzima. Njengoko umhlaza usasazeka, amanqanaba akho amandla aqala ukuhla kwaye enze kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Oku kubonisa uphawu lokuba yonke into ayilungile kumalungu angaphakathi omzimba, kwaye umhlaza onganyangekiyo uba mandundu emva kokuqhubela phambili. Ngoko isoloko inconywa ngoogqirha ukuba bathathe ulawulo olufanelekileyo kunye nonyango lwezifo ezinjalo ezibulalayo.
Ngaba Ungasinda Umhlaza Webele Ngaphandle KokuKhetha Unyango?
Impendulo elula ayifumaneki kulo mbuzo. Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengenqanaba, ubudala, uhlobo lomhlaza, kunye nempilo yonke yesigulane. Kodwa impilo iyonke yeyona nto iphambili kwisantya sokusinda. Ezinye iinkcukacha zembali zikwabonisa ukuba umntu onesigaba sokuqala somhlaza akakwazi ukuphila nokuba yinyanga. Kwelinye icala, isigulana somhlaza esikwinqanaba eliphezulu sinokuphila ixesha elide ngaphandle konyango. Kodwa umhlaza webele onganyangwanga uba mandundu emva kokuhambela phambili kwaye unokubeka ubomi esichengeni kwaye ubulale.
Uphononongo luhlalutya idatha yokusinda yembali yesigulana somhlaza wamabele esinganyangwanga. Ngokutsho kwedatha yedatha ixesha lokusinda kwizigulane ezinganyangwanga yi-2.7 iminyaka. Nangona amazinga okuphila kweminyaka emi-5 kunye ne-10 yezi gulane iyi-18.4% kunye ne-3.7% ngokulandelelanayo. Nangona kunjalo, le datha ikwabonisa ukuba abaguli banokusinda kumhlaza wamabele ngaphandle konyango kwezinye iimeko ezizodwa. Olu phando lucebisa ukuba ngaphandle konyango, izigulane zinezinga eliphantsi kakhulu lokusinda. Unyango olululo luyafuneka ukuphucula izinga lokusinda.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukuFunyaniswa kwangethuba kuNyango loMhlaza wamabele?
Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba komhlaza kunika ithuba lokuthatha iindlela zonyango ezilawulekayo, ezinjengonyango olunethuba eliphezulu lokuthintela ukusasazeka kunye nokukhula kweeseli ezinomhlaza. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko komhlaza wamabele kunika izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nezinga eliphezulu lempumelelo kunye neengxaki ezimbalwa. Unyango kwinqanaba likarhulumente lomhlaza lunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho kwaye luthintele iingxaki zempilo ngokunciphisa umthwalo ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni. Ngoko ke oku kuyimfuneko ukuqaphela iimpawu ezifanelekileyo zomhlaza webele kwaye udibane nogqirha unyango lwawo.
Ulawulo kunye noNyango loMhlaza wamabele
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo zokunyanga umhlaza wamabele, njengotyando, unyango, kunye nokhathalelo lokuthomalalisa. Kucetyiswa ukuba udibane nogqirha malunga neempawu zakho. Emva kokwenza uxilongo olufanelekileyo kunye novavanyo ugqirha uthatha isigqibo sokuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.
Unyango olukhoyo kumhlaza wamabele zezi:
Ukuhlinzwa
Kule nkqubo ugqirha ususa iiseli ezinomhlaza kunye nezinye iilymph nodes ezikufutshane ezosulelekileyo kwiindawo zakho ezichaphazelekayo. Utyando olusetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wamabele lu:
- Lumpectomy: Kule nkqubo yotyando ugqirha ususa iiseli ezinomhlaza webele kunye nezinye izihlunu ezikufutshane ezilingqongileyo. I-Lumpectomy isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukunyanga umhlaza omncinci. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela elisetyenziswa ngugqirha womhlaza chemotherapy ukucutha umhlaza ukuze lumpectomy inokwenzeka.
- Mastectomy: Kwi mastectomy, ugqirha ususa yonke inxalenye echaphazelekayo yomhlaza, kuquka ulusu, ukuze asuse umhlaza. Le nkqubo isetyenziswa ikakhulu xa umhlaza ufunyaniswa kamva.
unyango
Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango zisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukunciphisa umhlaza okanye ukususa umhlaza okwinqanaba lokuqala. Unyango olusetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wamabele lu:
- Unyango ngemitha: Kule nkqubo, kusetyenziswa imiqadi yemitha enamandla ukususa iiseli ezinomhlaza. Kolu nyango, umatshini onemiqadi yamandla aphezulu ukhombe kwiiseli ezinomhlaza. Le mitha itshabalalisa iiseli ezingafunwayo. Unyango lwemitha lusetyenziswa kakhulu emva kotyando ukususa iiseli eziseleyo ezinomhlaza emzimbeni.
- Unyango ngamayeza: Kule nto, oogqirha ikakhulu basebenzisa amachiza anamandla kunyango lomhlaza. Umsebenzi ophambili we-chemotherapy kukususa iiseli ezingafunekiyo emva kotyando, kunye nokuzicutha. La mayeza anikezelwa ikakhulu ngemithambo.
- Unyango lweHormonal: Kolu nyango, oogqirha basebenzisa iyeza lokuthintela amahomoni athile abuthathaka kwiiseli zomhlaza. Ngokuthintela ezi hormone, izondlo eziya kwiiseli ezingafunwayo ziyamiswa, kwaye ezi seli ziqalisa ukufa.
- I-Immunotherapy: Kolu nyango ugqirha usebenzisa amayeza athile ukomeleza amajoni omzimba. Emva kwe-immunotherapy, amajoni omzimba asebenza kwaye asuse iiseli ezingafunekiyo ezingafunwayo emzimbeni.
- Unyango lweziyobisi ekujoliswe kulo: Olu nyango lujolise kumchiza othile emzimbeni obonelela ngezondlo kunye nokukhula kwiiseli ezinomhlaza. Ukuthintela ezi khemikhali kubangela ukuba iiseli ezinomhlaza zicutheke kwaye zife.
isiphelo
Ukukhetha ukunyanga okanye ukungawunyangi umhlaza wamabele sisigqibo sesigulana. Ngelixa isigulana somhlaza webele siphila ngaphandle konyango, kodwa izinga lokusinda lingaphantsi kakhulu kuninzi lwabantu. Amazinga okusinda nawo axhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengohlobo, ubungakanani, kunye nempilo yonke yesigulana. Umhlaza onganyangwanga nawo uneengxaki zempilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nomthwalo ngokwasengqondweni. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuthatha ulawulo olufanelekileyo kunye nonyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ziyafumaneka ukunyanga nokuthintela ukubuya kwesi sifo. Konke oku malunga nale bhlog, kwaye ndiyathemba ukuba ufumene umxholo ofundisayo kuyo. Ke, khathalela ngoku, kwaye siya kudibana nawe kwiibhlog zethu ezifundisayo ezilandelayo.
