Bentall is a type of cardiac surgery procedure, mainly associated with the heart. Millions of people are affected by heart diseases in the world, due to several seasons. Some of the main causes for Bentall procedure are genetic disease, Aortic dissection, Aortic aneurysm and Aortic regurgitation.

Our heart is an important organ of the body, which purifies the blood and supplies it to other parts of the body. However, sometimes a rare kind of infection and genetic problems affect it and weaken the heart’s arteries. An aorta is a big artery that works to supply oxygen rich-blood to the body. When this artery is affected for some reason then doctors suggest to do Bentall surgery treatment in order to improve heart health.

What is Bentall Surgery Procedure?

This is an open-heart surgery performed under the eye of cardiac surgeons and medical experts team, to repair the aortic valve. Bentall surgery could be planned and on an emergency basis as per the patient’s condition. The problems with aortic valves can arise from various medical issues. One of the most common health issue is Marfan syndrome. It is a genetic disorder which affects a person’s connective tissue, including the tissues of aortic root and valve. This condition restrict the area of aortic valve and become the obstacle to develop it and also causes further health complications over time. Therefore, doctors need to operate on the heart in order to replace or repair the aortic valve.

Symptoms of Bentall Surgery

When a person’s aortic wall is affected due to infection or genetic disorder it often doesn’t show sudden symptoms until the condition becomes serious. However, in some cases an individual may experience symptoms, which are as follows.

Shortness in Breathing
Chest Pain
Irregular Pulse
Discomfort and tightness in the chest
Experiencing cold sweat and suffocation
Weakness while performing physical activity
Dizziness
Body Pain

Bentall Diagnose Tests

Doctors prescribe the below mentioned test in order to detect the heart’s arteries condition. Then make a decision to perform Bentall Procedure. These tests are:

Echocardiogram
ECG
Chest X-ray
CT scanning
MRI

Indications for Bentall Procedure

Following are the medical issues that found in the diagnose tests, which indicate to go for Bentall Surgery Treatment:

Aortic Dissection: A condition of tearing of the inner layer of the aorta artery.
Marfan Syndrome: In this condition the wall of the aorta gets weakened.
Aortic Aneurysm: It is a condition of the aorta is becoming enlarged.
Aortic Regurgitation: This condition occurs while the aortic valve does not close properly.

Before Surgery Treatment

Evaluation and Diagnose: Before performing the surgery it is required to do some tests like CT scans and blood tests to evaluate the patient’s overall condition.

Preoperative Assessment: Doctors also evaluate the patient’s condition through comprehensive preoperative assessment, for checking the cardiovascular health, or any other coexisting medical problem. Through this they make a decision that the patient is suitable for a surgery or not.

Treatment Preparation and planning: On the basis of aortic complications, the healthcare team discussed treatment methods with the patient then proceeded for the determined treatment option.

The patient’s Education: The medical team who are going to be in the operation theater first informs the patient with all information regarding the process including potential risks, surgery benefits and the recovery process, after that they obtain informed consent from the patient.

Potential Risk While Bentall Surgery Process

Every surgery procedure involves some risk factors as similar Bentall also includes few potential risks which are as follows:

Lung and kidney related problems
Heart Attack
Blood Clotting in the lungs and legs
Abnormal heart rate
Shorterm memory loss
Blurred Vision
Infection
Internal Bleeding
Low cardiac output

Brief Overview of Bentall Surgery Process

Anesthesia: The medical team or a nurse first gives anesthesia with the help of IVs to the patient just to make sure that the patient stays unconscious throughout the surgery process and does not feel pain.
Incision: After that a surgeon who is leading the operation creates an incision in the chest to access the heart and aorta situation.
Aortic Valve Removal: On reaching a certain point the surgeon removed the affected or damaged aortic valve. Surgeons do this to discard the diseased and dysfunctional valve which is causing the problem.
Ascending Aorta Replacement: In this procedure the weakened section of the ascending aorta is replaced to the synthetic graft, to support the function of the heart.
Aortic Valve Replacement: A prosthetic valve is joined to the graft to supplant the removed aortic valve, the valve might be biological and mechanical as well.
Coronary Artery Reimplantation: If it is necessary, the coronary arteries are reimplanted into the graft just to make enough blood flow to the heart.

Post Bentall Surgery Process

Postoperative Monitoring: After a 5 to 6 hours surgery process the patient is transferred to the intensive care unit for close monitoring of vital signs, heart functioning, and overall observation.
Pain Management: It is certain to experience pain and discomfort after surgery for the patient. Hence, nurses make sure to manage pain through medications and injections.
Rehabilitation and Recovery: The patient gradually feels weakness due to post surgery effects and mechanical ventilation used in the process. Therefore, physical rehabilitation might be initiated to promote overall recovery.
Hospital Stay: Hospital stay is necessary to ensure recovery and closely examine the overall condition.