I-Hypothyroidism vs Hyperthyroidism: Izimbangela, Izimpawu, kanye Nokwelashwa

I-thyroid iyi-gland emise okwebhabhathane etholakala ngaphambili kwentamo ngaphansi nje kwebhokisi lezwi. Le gland idlala indima ebalulekile emzimbeni wethu ukulawula ukusebenza kwe-metabolism, ukugcina izinga lamandla, izinga lokushisa lomzimba kanye nezinye eziningi. Kunezinkinga ezimbili ezivamile ze-thyroid, okuyi-hypothyroidism kanye ne-hyperthyroidism. Ku-hypothyroidism, i-gland ikhiqiza ama-hormone amancane kakhulu emzimbeni anciphisa ijubane lomzimba wakho. Ku-Hyperthyroidism, i-gland ikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu asiza ukusheshisa umzimba. Manje, kule bhulogi, sizokwazi ngezinhlobo ze-thyroid ngokuningiliziwe ngokwelashwa kwazo. Ekugcineni, sizokwazi ukuthi lokhu kungathinta yini ukuzala noma ukukhulelwa.

Iyini i-Hypothyroidism?

Kwaziwa nangokuthi umsebenzi we-thyroid ophansi. Kwenzeka lapho i-thyroid gland ingakhiqizi ama-hormone e-T3 ne-T4 anele. Lawa ma-hormone alawula ukusebenza kwe-metabolism futhi aholela ezimpawini ezifana nokukhuluphala, ukukhathala, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane kanye nezinga eliphansi lamandla. Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-hypothyroidism kunabesilisa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ingakhula ngemva kokukhulelwa, okwaziwa ngokuthi i-postpartum thyroiditis. I-Hypothyroidism yisimo udokotela angasilapha kalula. Iningi leziguli liyakwazi ukubhekana nalesi simo ngemithi edingekayo ngosizo lwe-endocrinologist yabo.

Izimpawu ze-Hypothyroidism

Izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism ziza kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kuya ngokuthi umuntu uzizwa kanjani. Ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile zifaka:

• Inzuzo yesisindo
• Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elincane
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• Ubuso obuphuphile
• Ukukhathala
• Isikhathi sokuya esikhathini esingajwayelekile
• Isikhumba esomile nezinwele
• Ukucindezeleka
• ukuqunjelwa
• Ukuqina kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga

Izimbangela ze-Hypothyroidism

Kunezinye zezimbangela ezivamile ze-hypothyroidism:

• Isifo sikaHashimoto: Imbangela eyinhloko yalesi sifo yisifo sikaHashimoto. Kulesi simo, amasosha omzimba wethu ahlasela ngengozi indlala yethu yegilo okuholela ekukhiqizweni okuncane kwehomoni yegilo.
• Ukuhlinzwa Kwegilo: Uma uhlinzwe ukuze kususwe ingxenye noma yonke indlala yegilo lokhu kuzonciphisa noma kumise ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni.
• Ukwelashwa Kwemisebe: Odokotela basebenzisa lokhu kwelapha ukwelapha indawo yekhanda nentamo yomdlavuza we-thyroid kanye neminye umdlavuza, futhi. Ngale misebe ingalimaza unomphela amangqamuzana ethu e-thyroid okuholela ekusebenzeni kancane kwale gland.
• Ukuntula IodineUmzimba womuntu udinga inani elihle le-iodine ekudleni kwawo ukuze ukhiqize ama-hormone e-thyroid. Uma ungadli inani elifanele le-iodine ekudleni kwakho kungaholela ku-hypothyroidism.
• Imithi: Eminye imithi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zenhliziyo kanye nezinkinga zengqondo, njenge-lithium ne-amiodarone, ezingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwe-thyroid.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Hypothyroidism

Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokwelapha i-hypothyroidism:

• Ukushintsha I-Hormone Yegilo: Lolu uhlobo lokwelashwa oluvame kakhulu oluwukuthatha iphilisi lansuku zonke eliqukethe ama-hormone e-thyroid okwenziwa abizwa ngokuthi i-levothyroxine. Lawa maphilisi asiza ukufaka esikhundleni se-hormone engekho futhi abuyisele imisebenzi evamile. Uma uqala ukufaka esikhundleni se-hormone ye-thyroid, kufanele uhlale uthintana nodokotela wakho.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Okuvamile: Ekuqaleni, udokotela usikisela isiguli ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile kwe-Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza udokotela ukuthi ahlole izinga lakho futhi ngokusho kwalokho balungisa imithamo uma kudingeka.

Iyini i-Hyperthyroidism?

Kwenzeka lapho indlala yegilo ikhiqiza inani elikhulu kakhulu lamahomoni egilo njenge-thyroxine, i-T3, ne-T4. Lokhu kusheshisa ukusebenza komzimba futhi kungathinta imisebenzi eminingi yezinhlelo zomzimba. Kuyisimo segilo esisebenza ngokweqile. Kulesi sifo ungase ubhekane nokukhathazeka, uzizwe ulele, ujuluke noma uhlanze futhi unganciphisa isisindo ngaphandle kokuzama.

Izimpawu ze-Hyperthyroidism

Nazi izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-hyperthyroidism:

• Ukwehla kwesisindo
• Ukwesaba
• ukukhathazeka
• Ukuthukuthela
• ukundindizela
• Ukuzwela ukushisa
• Ukuphoqa
• Ukukhathala
• Ubunzima bokulala
• Umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini omncane

Izinkinga ze-Hyperthyroidism

Kunezinye zezimbangela ezivamile zalesi sifo:

• Isifo sikaGrave: Yimbangela evame kakhulu. Kulesi simo sokuzivikela komzimba, amasosha omzimba akhiqiza ama-antibodies afana nama-immunoglobulins avuselela i-thyroid alingisa i-TSH futhi avuselele i-thyroid njalo, okubangela ukuthi ikhiqize i-thyroxine ngokweqile.
• Izimpawu ze-thyroid: Kwezinye izimo kungakheka amaqhubu namaqhubu endlaleni yakho ye-thyroid okuholela ekukhiqizweni ngokweqile kwama-hormone.
• Ukudla Okuphezulu Kwe-Iodine: Ukudla i-iodine eningi kakhulu ngokudla kwakho noma ngemithi yakho kungaholela ku-hyperthyroidism.
• I-thyroiditis: Ukuvuvukala kwendlala yegilo ngenxa yokutheleleka noma ukusabela kokuzivikela komzimba okukhipha i-hormone egciniwe emzimbeni ngegazi okuholela ku-hyperthyroidism.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Hyperthyroidism

Kunezindlela ezilandelayo zokwelapha i-hyperthyroidism :

• Imithi yokulwa ne-thyroid: Imithi efana ne-methimazole kanye ne-propylthiouracil (PTU) inganciphisa noma ivimbele inani lokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone endlaleni yethu ye-thyroid.
• I-radioactive Iodine Therapy: Kulokhu kwelashwa basebenzisa uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-iodine ukunciphisa amangqamuzana e-thyroid ukuze iyeke ukukhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi. Abantu basebenzisa le iodine njengephilisi ukuze ithinte kuphela i-thyroid gland.
• I-Beta Blockers: I-beta blocker ayithinti ngqo i-thyroid gland kodwa iyasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kanye nokuthuthumela. Udokotela usebenzisa ama-beta blocker kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
• Ukuhlinzwa Kwegilo: Uma isiguli singasabelanga kahle kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, odokotela abahlinzayo basusa yonke noma ingxenye encane yendlala yegilo. ukuhlinzwa kwegilo udokotela usikisela ukuthatha ukwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni samahomoni e-thyroid ukuze alulame ngokushesha.

Umehluko Phakathi kwe-Hypothyroidism ne-Hyperthyroidism

Nasi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-hypothyroidism ne-hyperthyroidism:

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ngine-Hyperthyroidism noma i-Hypothyroidism?

Lezi yizifo ze-thyroid ezinemiphumela ephambene emzimbeni. I-Hyperthyroidism yandisa i-metabolism yethu futhi ibangela ukwehla kwesisindo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukukhathazeka nokujuluka. I-Hypothyroidism inciphisa i-metabolism yethu futhi ibangela ukukhathala, ukukhuluphala, isikhumba esomile kanye nokuzwela emakhazeni. Uma uzizwa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwalezi zimpawu funa udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Bazokuphakamisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-thyroid njenge-TSH, i-T4 kanye ne-T3 ngezinye izikhathi ezidingekayo ukuze kutholakale lokhu kuxilongwa futhi kuqalwe ukwelashwa okufanele.

Zithinta Kanjani Ukuzala Nokukhulelwa?

Uma i-hyperthyroidism kanye ne-hypothyroidism zingelashwa ngesikhathi, khona-ke zingathinta ukuzala kwakho kanye nokukhulelwa. I-Hypothyroidism ingabangela ukuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile, ukuphuphuma kwesisu, izinkinga zokukhishwa kwamaqanda nokunye okuningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-hyperthyroidism ingabangela ukungalingani kwama-hormone, iphazamise umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini futhi yandise ingozi yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngosizo lukadokotela, ungathola ukwelashwa okufanele, ukuhlolwa njalo kwe-thyroid kanye nemithi yokukhulelwa okunempilo.

Uyombona Nini Udokotela?

Uma ubhekene nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism noma i-hyperthyroidism noma ubona noma yiluphi ushintsho entanyeni yakho lapho i-thyroid ikhona khona, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Ezinye izimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukukhathala, ukushintsha kwesisindo, ukukhathazeka kanye nokuphelelwa umoya kungakubeka engozini yangempela. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kukusiza ukuthi uthole ukwelashwa okufanele futhi kukusize ukuthi ululame ngokushesha.

Isiphetho

Izinhlobo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu zezinkinga ze-thyroid okuyi-hypothyroidism kanye ne-hyperthyroidism ezithinta umzimba ngezindlela ezahlukene. I-Hypothyroidism inciphisa ukusebenza komzimba kodwa ku-hyperthyroidism, iyasheshisa. Zombili lezi zinkinga zingathinta izinga lakho lamandla, ukuzala kanye nempilo yakho yonke uma zingahlolwanga. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kwalezi zinkinga ngokuhlolwa okufana ne-TSH, i-T3 kanye nezinye eziningi kungaba usizo kakhulu ekutholeni uhlobo lwe-thyroid nokuthola ukwelashwa okufanele. Ngosizo lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa kwansuku zonke isiguli singabuyela endleleni yaso yokuphila evamile nenempilo.

Isixwayiso: Le bhulogi yenzelwe izinjongo zolwazi kuphela. Uma ubhekene nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezinikezwe ngenhla, sicela uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.