Bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane bahlushwa yizinkinga ezahlukahlukene ezihlobene nempilo lapho umdlavuza we-vulvar ungomunye wazo. Iwumdlavuza oholela ekufeni kwabantu abaningi emhlabeni wethu. Le nkinga yenzeka ngenxa kagwayi noma ukutheleleka nge-HIV. Umuntu ohlangabezane nale nkinga angathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-vulvar noma ukwelashwa okuhlukile.

Kodwa-ke, umdlavuza we-vulvar uyisifo esingajwayelekile futhi sithinta kakhulu abesifazane. Kuthinta imbobo, ingxenye yesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Kwenzeka lapho amangqamuzana angavamile ekhula ngokungalawuleki kule ndawo ngendlela yesimila. Izici eziyingozi zale nkinga ukutheleleka nge-HPV kanye nokucasuka okungapheli. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi komdlavuza we-vulvar kubalulekile ukuze ululame.

Izinhlobo ze-Vulvar Cancer

Lo mdlavuza uyizinhlobo ezahlukene, okuyilezi ezilandelayo:

I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Umdlavuza ovame kakhulu, ohlasela ama-squamous cell ku-vulva. Le nkinga yenzeka ngenxa yezilonda noma izigaxa kule ndawo, ezingalapheki kalula noma zivinjwe udokotela.
I-melanoma: Kwenzeka kuma-melanocyte, okuholela ekushintsheni kwesikhumba ezigulini. Lo mdlavuza awuvamile futhi ubahlasela kakhulu. Ibonakala njengendawo emnyama futhi emise ngendlela engavamile ku-vulva.
I-Basal Cell Carcinoma: Kuyinto eqhubekayo yomdlavuza wesikhumba okwenzeka kuma-basal cell, ingxenye engezansi yongqimba lwangaphandle lwesikhumba. Le nkinga ikhula kancane futhi iholela ekulimaleni kwendawo ku-vulva.
Isifo sikaPaget: Le nkinga ayijwayelekile futhi ikhula kancane, okuvame ukuba nomthelela esikhumbeni se-vulva. Kuholela ezinhlungwini nasekulunyweni kwabesifazane, okungelashwa ngokuhlinzwa noma ukhilimu we-imiquimod. Lesi sifo sikaPaget sifana nesifo sikaPaget ebeleni.
I-Sarcoma: Umdlavuza we-vulvar ongavamile okwenzeka emisipha noma emithanjeni yegazi. Le nkinga iholela ekuvuvukeni noma eqhumeni endaweni ye-vulvar.

Izimpawu ze-Vulvar Cancer

Izimpawu ezenzeka ngenxa yalo mdlavuza zimi kanje:

Ukushintsha umbala wesikhumba: Ububomvu obungavamile, ukuqina, noma ukuguquguquka kombala esikhumbeni se-vulva kungase kube uphawu nophawu lomdlavuza we-vulvar.
Ukuvuvukala: Uma umdlavuza uthintekile kuma-lymph nodes aseduze, khona-ke ungase ukhukhumale endaweni ye-vulva noma ye-groin.
Isigaxa noma Ukukhula: Izigaxa zingase zibe buhlungu, zibe nzima, noma zingama ngendlela engavamile. Ingase ibonakale futhi ayikwazi ukusuka.
Ukukhipha Okungajwayelekile: Ukukhipha okungavamile kungase kucace, kube negazi, futhi kube nephunga elingavamile, elingase lihambisane nezinye izimpawu. Lokhu kuholela emiphumeleni eyingozi ezigulini.
Ukuluma noma Ukungakhululeki: Ukuluma endaweni ye-vulvar kungaba nzima futhi kuqhubeke, kubangele ukungakhululeki kubantu ngabanye. Ngolunye uphawu oluvela ngenxa yalo mdlavuza.
Izilonda noma Izilonda: Izilonda noma izilonda zenzeka ngenxa yomdlavuza we-vulva ku-vulva, ongalapheki kalula. Kungase kube buhlungu noma ukopha ezigulini.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Vulvar Cancer

Umdlavuza we-Vulvar ungatholakala ngezindlela eziningana:

I-cystoscopy: Kuyinqubo ehlola umdlavuza we-vulvar eladini kanye ne-urethra. Udokotela usebenzisa ishubhu elikhanyisiwe ukuhlola le nkinga.
Isidumbu: Le nqubo ihlola umdlavuza we-vulvar ngokukhipha isampula yethishu ku-vulva. Wenziwa ehhovisi likachwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo noma egumbini lokuhlinza.
I-Colposcopy: Le nqubo ihlola umdlavuza esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, esithweni sangasese, nasesibelethweni. Kubandakanya ithuluzi elikhethekile elaziwa ngokuthi i-colposcope ukuhlola le nkinga.
I-MRI Scan: I-MRI idala izithombe ezihlukene ezinozibuthe abanamandla namaza omsakazo. Kuyinqubo ebalulekile yokwelapha umdlavuza we-vulvar. Lesi sithwebuli siphinde siveze ukuthi umdlavuza uthinte ubuchopho nomgogodla.
Ukuskena kwe-CT: Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray okusiza ekutholeni umdlavuza we-vulvar noma ama-lymph nodes akhulisiwe ezigulini. Ihlola umdlavuza kuma-lymph nodes nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Le nqubo iwusizo ekwelapheni umdlavuza we-vulvar omkhulu.
I-PET Scan: Kuyisivivinyo sokucabanga esiwusizo esilawula umdlavuza we-vulvar kuma-lymph nodes nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Le nqubo isetshenziswa njengoshukela okhipha imisebe, ofakwa egazini. Idala izithombe zezindawo ezithintekile ukunikeza ulwazi oluwusizo mayelana nazo.
I-Proctoscopy: Le nqubo ihilela ukwelapha umdlavuza we-vulvar ukuya ku-rectum kanye ne-anus. Ishubhu elincanyana nelikhanyisiwe lisetshenziselwa ukwelapha.

Ukwelashwa Kwe-Vulvar Cancer

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha umdlavuza we-vulvar , okuyilezi ezilandelayo:

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko komdlavuza we-vulvar, okubandakanya izinqubo ezimbalwa:

Ukususwa kwama-lymph nodes: Uma ama-lymph nodes ethinteka ngenxa yomdlavuza we-vulvar, khona-ke kudingeka asuswe, okusiza ekwehliseni ingozi yawo.
Ukususa Ingxenye ye-Vulva noma I-Vulva Yonke: Lapho uhlushwa umdlavuza omkhulu, i-Vulvectomy iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa. Ukuhlinzwa okubandakanya ukukhishwa kwe-vulva. I-vulvectomy eyingxenye ukukhishwa kwengxenye ye-vulva, kanti i-vulvectomy enkulu iwukukhishwa kwayo yonke i-vulva.
Ukususwa Komdlavuza Nezinye Izicubu Ezinempilo: Ukukhishwa kubandakanya ukusika umkhawulo wezicubu ezibukeka ziphilile, okuqinisekisa ukususwa kwawo wonke amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Le nqubo yaziwa nangokuthi ukusika okubanzi kwendawo noma ukusika okukhulu.

I-Radiation Therapy

Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenzisa imishayo yamandla enamandla, ethunyelwa kuma-X-ray, ama-proton, njll. Isiguli kufanele silale etafuleni ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngemisebe. Umshini uyamzungeza futhi ukhipha amaphuzu aqondile omzimba. I-radiation therapy isetshenziselwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza atholakala eduze kwama-lymph nodes. Ihlanganisa ne-chemotherapy ukwelapha le nkinga.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

Isebenzisa imithi enamandla elapha umdlavuza we-vulvar othinta ezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kuhlanganiswa nokwelashwa ngemisebe ukwelapha umdlavuza we-vulvar omkhulu noma umdlavuza ozungeze ama-lymph node.

immunotherapy

Lokhu kwelashwa kusiza amasosha omzimba ukuthi alwe nezifo ngokuhlasela amagciwane namanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lawa maseli aphila ngokucasha kulesi simiso. Kuwusizo futhi ekwelapheni umdlavuza we-vulvar othuthukile.

Ukwelashwa okubhekiswe

Isebenzisa izidakamizwa eziqondisa ama-molecule athile akhona kumaseli omdlavuza. Lokhu kuvimbela la makhemikhali aholela ekufeni kula maseli. Iphinde yelapha umdlavuza we-vulvar othuthukile ngendlela efanayo ne-immunotherapy.

Indlela Yokuvimbela I-Vulvar Cancer?

I-Vulvar Cancer ingavinjelwa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pelvic: Udokotela uhlola izici eziyingozi nezimpawu ngomlando ophelele wezokwelapha. Ngemva kwalokho, uzohlola le nkinga ngokuhlolwa kwe-pelvic. Yisinyathelo sokuqala sokuvimbela lo mdlavuza ezigulini. Udokotela uzophinde enze iPap noma i-HPV ukuhlolwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nomlomo wesibeletho.
Gwema Ugwayi: Ukubhema ugwayi kuholela engcupheni eyengeziwe yomdlavuza we-vulvar. Uma ungakwazi ukuyeka, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Le nkinga ingase ilashwe ngemithi nokwelulekwa.
Ingozi ephansi yokutheleleka nge-HPV: I-HPV yandisa ingozi yomdlavuza we-vulvar ngenxa yokuthintana ngokocansi. Uma ufuna ukunciphisa le nkinga, landela lezi zinyathelo:

Sebenzisa Ikhondomu: Ikhondomu lingase libe usizo engozini ye-HPV, kodwa alinikezi ukuvikeleka okugcwele kule nkinga.
Thola Umgomo we-HPV: Umgomo uhlinzeka ngokuvikeleka egciwaneni ngenxa yomdlavuza we-vulvar. Ungakhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo mayelana nomgomo we-HPV.