Uhlobo lomdlavuza oluhlasela izingxenye zokuzala zabesifazane, lapho amangqamuzana eqala ukuphindaphindeka esithweni sangasese sowesifazane noma olwelweni lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Ikakhulukazi, amangqamuzana omdlavuza aqala uhambo lwawo kwenye indawo futhi kancane kancane asakazekele esithweni sangasese. Izimpawu ezingaba khona zomdlavuza wesitho sangasese sowesifazane ubuhlungu be-pelvic, ukopha komchamo, kanye nesigaxa esithweni sangasese. Ukubhema, ukutheleleka, i-HPV, nomlando wangaphambili womdlavuza kungase kube yizici eziyingozi zalokhu. Inketho efanelekile yokwelashwa komdlavuza wesitho sangasese sowesifazane incike esigabeni somdlavuza.

Lo mdlavuza oyivelakancane wezifo zabesifazane, uma ubonakala ezigabeni zokuqala, kulula ukuwelapha. Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo ocwaningweni lwezokwelapha, iziguli zesifazane ziqiniseka ngokuthola ukwaneliseka kanye nomsebe wethemba ngokwelashwa okufanele komdlavuza wesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Izinhlobo Zomdlavuza Wabesifazane

I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Lolu wuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Ivela ongqimbeni oluncane lwamaseli ahambisana nobuso besitho sangasese sowesifazane.
I-Adenocarcinoma: Abavelele kumaseli e-epithelial esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, futhi amaphesenti angu-10 abesifazane angenwe yilo mdlavuza wesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ubudala nangaphezulu isigaba sabesifazane abangenwa kalula yilo mdlavuza.
I-melanoma: Lesi simila esiyingozi siqala ngama-melanocyte, amangqamuzana abhekene nombala wesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Nakuba kuwumdlavuza oyivelakancane, uma ukhula emlonyeni wesibeletho, uba nolaka ngokwemvelo.
I-Sarcoma: Ikhula ezicutshini ezixhumeneyo noma kumaseli emisipha ezindongeni zesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza nalo luyivelakancane kakhulu.

Izimbangela Zomdlavuza Wangasese

Kunzima ukuthola izimbangela eziqondile zomdlavuza wesitho sangasese sowesifazane, kodwa izici eziningana eziyingozi zinomthelela ekukhuleni, njenge:

Ubudala: Ivamise ukubonwa kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-50 nangaphezulu.
Ukubhema: Ukubhema ugwayi kanye nalabo besifazane abajwayele ukubhema babeka impilo yabo engozini yokuthola lo mdlavuza. Ukwakheka kwe-DNA kuyathinteka okungakhulisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
Umlando: Abesifazane abake baba nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho noma labo abanezimpawu zezilonda ezidala umdlavuza basengozini enkulu yokuthola lo mdlavuza.
I-Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Ukutheleleka nge-HPV isimemo sokuqala somdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho; leli gciwane litholakala kakhulu ngokuthintana nocansi.

Izimpawu Zomdlavuza Wangasese

Ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu ezijwayelekile zibalwe ngezansi:

Ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane: Ukopha okungachazeki esithweni sangasese njengokopha phakathi kokuya esikhathini, ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, nangemva kokuya ocansini.
Ukukhipha Isitho sangasese sowesifazane: Ukukhishwa okuphakeme kakhulu kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kubonakala kwabesifazane abanomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ongagcwala uketshezi, igazi, noma ukunuka kabi.
- Ezimweni ezingavamile, umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho uba nesigaxa emlonyeni wesibeletho esingase sibonakale lapho kuhlolwa i-pelvic.
- Nakuba ubuhlungu bokuchama buzwakala noma isifiso sokuchama sikhula njalo.
- Abesifazane abasesigabeni sabo somdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho esithuthukile, bangase babone isilonda ku-rectum esingabangela isicanucanu noma indle enombala omnyama.

Ukuxilongwa Nokuhlolwa Komdlavuza Wangasese

Isidumbu: Isicubu esincane siyakhishwa esithweni sangasese bese sihlaziywa elabhorethri ukuze kutholwe ubukhona bamaseli omdlavuza.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pelvic: Isitho sangasese sowesifazane, isibeletho, kanye nezicubu eziseduze ziyahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukukhula kwamangqamuzana anomdlavuza.
I-Pap Smear: Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe okuzosiza ukuthola amaseli wesimila.
Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla afana nemisebe kwenziwa ukuhlaziya izingxenye zangaphakathi zomzimba. Lokhu kusiza ukuxilonga, ukuqapha, kanye nokuhlela ngempumelelo ukwelashwa. Izivivinyo ezifana ne-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), i-computed tomography (CT), i-endoscopy, ne-ultrasound zivame ukusetshenziswa.

Izinketho Zokwelashwa Komdlavuza Wangasese

Uchwepheshe wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo angase aphakamise noma yikuphi okunye kokwelashwa komdlavuza wesitho sangasese sowesifazane:

Ukuhlinzwa: Indawo yesimila, isigaba somdlavuza, kanye nobukhulu bawo kudlala indima ebalulekile lapho uhlinza. Ukuhlinzwa kungabandakanya ukukhishwa kwe-pelvic, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-lymph node, noma ukukhishwa kwezicubu eziyingozi (vaginectomy).
Imisebe: Imishayo eqinile yemisebe isetshenziswa endaweni okuqondiswe kuyo ukuze kukhishwe amaseli wesimila. Uma kwenziwa ngaphandle imisebe ephezulu ephezulu iqondiswe ekuhlosweni ukuze kubulawe amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Emisebeni yangaphakathi, amathuluzi akhethekile njengama-catheter, aqukethe izinto ezikhipha imisebe afakwa ngaphakathi esithweni sangasese.
I-Chemotherapy: Izidakamizwa ezinamandla neziqinile zisetshenziswa lapha ukubulala noma ukumisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi angasabalali. Ingasetshenziswa ngokuhlinzwa ngakunye ukunciphisa isimila, ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza, noma ngokweseluleko sikadokotela.
Ukwelapha Okuhlosiwe: Lapha, amangqamuzana athile abangela umdlavuza aqondiswe kuwo, futhi ukukhula nokusabalala kwawo kuvinjelwe.