Umdlavuza Webele wuhlobo lwenkinga yezempilo ehlasela abantu besifazane abaningi emhlabeni. Le nkinga evamile inesibopho sokulimaza amangqamuzana ebele emizimbeni yethu. Uma abantu befuna ukunciphisa le nkinga, kufanele baxhumane nodokotela, odokotela abahlinzayo, noma abahlengikazi. Ithimba lezempilo lichaza ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele esikhungweni socwaningo lwezempilo.

Umdlavuza webele yisifo esenzeka ezicutshini zebele. Ungowesibili umdlavuza ovame kakhulu, ohlasela kakhulu abesifazane. Le nkinga yenzeka lapho amangqamuzana ebele ekhula ngokungalawuleki futhi akhe isimila. Kwenzeka ebeleni elilodwa noma womabili amabele.

Izinhlobo Zomdlavuza Webele

Lesi simila siqukethe izinhlobo ezahlukene, okuyizi ezilandelayo:

I-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: Iwumdlavuza wesibili ovame kakhulu, okwenzeka epayipini lobisi futhi uhlasela ezinye izitho zomzimba. Lolu hlobo lwenkinga luthinta kakhulu iziguli ezingama-70% kuya ku-80%.

I-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lutholakala ikakhulukazi kuma-lobules. Isabalele ezicutshini zamabele ezizungezile ezifana ne-ILC futhi ithinta iziguli ezingu-5 % kuya kweziyi-10 emhlabeni wethu.

Umdlavuza Wokuvuvukala: Kuyisimo sempilo esingavamile nesinolaka lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza evimba imithambo ye-lymph esikhumbeni, okuholela ekuvuvukeni nokuba bomvu ebeleni.

Isifo Sesifuba sikaPaget: Le nkinga ivame ukuvela esikhumbeni sengono kanye nendawo yamaseli amnyama. Kwakha amaseli e-tumor ahlukene, aziwa nangokuthi ama-Paget cells. Le nkinga evamile ithinta kakhulu iziguli ezi-1 kuya ku-4%.

I-Phyllodes Tumors: Ama-Phyllodes tumors awumdlavuza webele ongandile otholakala kakhulu ezicutshini ezixhumeneyo. Le nkinga ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40.

I-Metastatic Cancer: Kuyinkinga evamile eyenzeka kakhulu ngale kwamabele, njengesibindi, ubuchopho, amaphaphu, noma amathambo. Lokhu uhlobo lomdlavuza yaziwa nangokuthi umdlavuza webele wesigaba esi-4.

I-Triple Negative Cancer: Kuyinkinga engavamile futhi enolaka engenawo ama-receptors e-HER2, i-estrogen, ne-progesterone. Le nkinga inzima kakhulu kodokotela ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe. Ihlasela kakhulu iziguli eziwu-10% kuya ku-15%.

I-HER2-Positive Cancer: Kwenzeka ngenxa yenani eleqile lamaprotheni e-HER2. Le nkinga iphathwa kakhulu ngosizo lwezindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe.

Izimpawu Zomdlavuza Webele

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zale nkinga yezempilo yilezi:

Ubuhlungu Bebele: Le nkinga yaziwa nangokuthi i-mastalgia, eyenzeka ngenxa yobuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki ebeleni.

Ukukhathala: Umdlavuza webele ubangela ukukhathala emzimbeni wethu, okuholela ezinguqukweni eziningi zamahomoni nokuvuvukala.

Isigaxa esifubeni noma ngaphansi kwekhwapha: Kuwuphawu oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza webele, okwenza isigaxa sakho sibe nzima futhi singabi buhlungu.

Izindawo zokuhlala ezengeziwe e-Nipple Area: Isikhumba endaweni yengono siba bomvu, sibe namaxolo, noma sibe ukuqina, okuholela kumdlavuza webele kubantu ngabanye.

Ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes: Le nkinga ingabangela ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes ngaphansi kwengalo noma eduze kwe-collarbone.

Uwelapha Kanjani Umdlavuza Webele?

Umdlavuza webele ungavinjelwa ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

Gcina Isisindo Esinempilo: Iziguli ezikhuluphele ngokweqile zisengozini yalo mdlavuza. Ukudla okunomsoco kanye nokuzivocavoca okuvamile kusiza ukunciphisa le nkinga nokugcina isisindo esinempilo kumuntu.

Yeka Ukubhema: Ukubhema kwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele ezigulini. Ngakho-ke, isiguli kufanele siyeke ukubhema ukuze sinciphise ingozi futhi sithuthukise impilo yaso yonke.

Khuthaza Umzimba: Ukuhamba ngezinyawo, ukubhukuda, noma ukugibela ibhayisikili ngezinye zezinto ezivamile esiza ukwehlisa izingozi zomdlavuza. Umuntu kufanele enze ukuvivinya umzimba okusesilinganisweni isonto elingu-1 ukuze abe nempilo enhle ngokomzimba.

Yidla Ukudla Okulinganiselayo: Amaprotheni angenalutho, imifino, izithelo, nokusanhlamvu okuphelele kuyinzuzo empilweni yakho. Ukudla okulula okunoshukela, inyama ebomvu, nokudla okugayiwe okulinganiselwe kuholela ekwandeni kwengozi yomdlavuza.

Gwema Ukuphuza Utshwala: Ukuphuza ngokweqile kwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza kubantu ngabanye. Ngakho-ke, umuntu angaphuza isiphuzo esisodwa sotshwala noma ngaphansi ngosuku olulodwa.

Izinketho Zokwelapha Umdlavuza Webele

Izinketho ezijwayelekile zokwelashwa komdlavuza webele ezihilelekile zimi kanje:

Ukuxilongwa kanye Nezigaba

Ukuxilongwa kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekwelapheni le nkinga yezempilo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-biopsy, i-mammogram, noma i-ultrasound ukuqinisekisa umdlavuza webele emizimbeni yethu yabantu. Ngemuva kokuqinisekisa, isinyathelo esilandelayo yisiteji, esinquma izingxenye zomzimba ezithintekayo ngenxa yale nkinga. Lokhu kube usizo kodokotela ekwelapheni umdlavuza webele ezigulini.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukwelashwa okuvame kakhulu, okubandakanya izinqubo eziningana. I-Lumpectomy isusa ikakhulukazi isimila kanye nengxenye encane yezicubu ezizungezile. I-Mastectomy kuhlanganisa ukukhipha lonke ibele. Ungakhetha uhlobo lokuhlinzwa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho zokwelashwa komdlavuza.

I-Radiation Therapy

Lokhu kwelashwa ibulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngosizo lwemisebe. Odokotela ikakhulukazi basebenzisa le ndlela yokwelapha ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma uma umuntu ehlushwa umdlavuza webele wesibili.

Ukwelashwa okubhekiswe

Ukwelapha okuhlosiwe kuwukwelapha okuqondise izici ezithile zamangqamuzana omdlavuza. Isibonelo, i-Herceptin umuthi wokwelapha osetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha umdlavuza ovela ngenxa yephrotheni ye-HER2. Lolu khetho lokwelapha lungahlanganiswa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ezinikeza imiphumela engcono empilweni yesiguli.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali isetshenziswa kakhulu lapho umdlavuza webele uba yivelakancane futhi unolaka ezigulini. Ibulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngosizo lwemithi yokwelapha. Odokotela basebenzisa le nketho ukuze belashwe ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy iyindlela yokwelapha engcono, esiza amasosha omzimba ukulwa namaseli omdlavuza. Iwusizo kakhulu ekwelapheni izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamabele ezigulini.

Ukuhlolwa Okujwayelekile

Odokotela basebenzisa i-mammograms kanye nokuhlolwa kwebele ukuze babone umdlavuza webele lapho le nkinga ilapheka kakhulu ezigulini. Kufanele balandele incwadi kadokotela kuye ngeminyaka yabo kanye nezici zobungozi.