Umdlavuza wesinye uyivelakancane uhlobo lomdlavuza. Iqala esinyeni, isitho esincane esinomgodi obambe uchame. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha umdlavuza wesinye emkhakheni wezokwelapha. Kuhlanganisa nokuhlinzwa, okuwukwelashwa kokuqala kwalesi simo. Kunamathuba okuthi lokhu kungaphili kuphindeke ngemva kokwelashwa. Ngakho-ke, iziguli kufanele ziqaphele ekulandeleni abahlinzeki bazo bezempilo.

Abasebenzi bezempilo bangakwazi ukwelapha umdlavuza wesinye ngesikhathi usaqala. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi cishe u-75% womdlavuza wesinye wesigaba sokuqala uyabuya.

Uvame Kangakanani Umdlavuza Wesinye?

Umdlavuza wesinye umdlavuza wesinye owandile emadodeni nakubantu abaqokwe njengowesilisa ekuzalweni (DMAB). Ubulili besilisa kanye nezinhlobo zesigaba se-DMAB zinamathuba aphindwe kane okuthola lesi simo kunabesifazane kanye nowesifazane oqokiwe lapho ezalwa (DFAB). Kodwa-ke, njengoba laba bakamuva bengazazi izimpawu zomdlavuza wesinye, maningi amathuba okuba babe nesifo esiphambili.

NgokweNethiwekhi Yokumela Umdlavuza Wesinye, abesifazane mancane amathuba okuba babone igazi echameni labo (hematuria). Kuwuphawu lokuqala nolubaluleke kakhulu lomdlavuza wesinye, njengoba luhlotshaniswa nezifo ezijwayelekile zezifo zabesifazane. Lesi simo ngokuvamile sithinta abesilisa abadala abaneminyaka engama-55 nangaphezulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, iziguli zineminyaka engu-73 ubudala lapho zixilongwa

Izimbangela Zomdlavuza Wesinye

Isizathu esiqondile sokuguquka komdlavuza wesinye kusazotholakala, kanti ucwaningo lusaqhubeka. Izinto eziyingozi ezehlukene ezandisa amathuba okuba nalesi simo zihlanganisa:

Ukubhema Ugwayi: Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthola umdlavuza wesinye. Amapayipi okubhema nogwayi, kanye nokuchayeka entuthuni kagwayi, kungase kunyuse ingozi yakho.
Ubudala kanye Nocansi: Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-55 bathambekele kakhulu kulesi simo. Abesilisa abadala basengozini enkulu kunabesifazane ngenxa yemikhuba yabo yokubhema kanye nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali abulalayo.
Ukuvezwa kwemisebe: Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza kungase kukhuphule amathuba akho okuthola umdlavuza wesinye.
Ukuchayeka Kumakhemikhali Akhethekile: Abantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo esibucayi abasebenza ezimbonini ezisekelwe kumakhemikhali. Abantu abanezifo eziphindaphindiwe esinyeni, amatshe esinyeni, noma ezinye izifo zomgudu womchamo banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-squamous cell carcinoma.

Izimpawu Zomdlavuza Wesinye

Uphawu olubonakala kakhulu igazi eliphuma emchameni. Qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma kunjalo. Ezinye izimpawu zihlanganisa:

I-Hematuria, noma Igazi Elibonakalayo Emchameni: Lapho kuhlolwa umchamo, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bangakwazi nokubona amanani amancane egazi emchameni.
I-Dysuria, noma Ubuhlungu Lapho Uchama: Kungumuzwa oshisayo noma olumayo ongenzeka ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuchama. Amadoda aku-DMAB angase abe nobuhlungu bepipi ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuchama.
Ukuchama Kaningi: Ukuchama ngokuvamile kubonisa ukuthi uchama izikhathi eziningi esikhathini esingamahora angu-24.
Ukuba Nezinkinga Zokuchama: Umchamo wakho ungase ungagelezi ngamandla njengokujwayelekile, noma ungase uqale futhi ume.
Ukutheleleka kwesinye isikhathi okungamahlalakhona: Itshe lesinye, okuyisifo esingelapheki esinyeni, andisa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wesinye.

Izivivinyo zokuxilonga

Uchungechunge oluhlukene lokuhlola luhlanganisa:

I-cystoscopy: Ishubhu elizacile elaziwa ngokuthi i-cystoscope lifakwa ku-urethra nasesinyeni. Leli shubhu line-lens enamathiselwe kulo ehlola esinyeni amaseli angajwayelekile.
Ukuhlaziywa kokuchama: Umchamo uhlaziywa ukuze uthole ukuthi kukhona igazi, amaprotheni, ushukela, namangqamuzana egazi amhlophe noma abomvu.
Ukuhlolwa Kwesithombe: I-Computerized tomography ivumela udokotela ukuthi ahlole ukwakheka komgudu womchamo.

Izinketho Zokwelashwa Komdlavuza Wesinye

Lokhu kugqanyiswe kafushane ngezansi:

Ukuhlinzwa

Kuye ngesigaba somdlavuza, udokotela angase asikisele uhlobo lokuhlinzwa. Kungase kuhlanganise ingxenye yokukhishwa kwesimila noma ukusebenzisa amandla aphezulu ukuze kuqedwe amaseli omdlavuza.

Ukukhishwa kwe-Transurethral Kwethumba Lesinye

Isigaba sokuqala noma umdlavuza wesinye ongahlaseli uyanakekelwa kule nqubo yezokwelapha. I-cystoscope ifakwa ku-urethra ukuze kukhishwe amaseli wesimila.

I-Radical Cystectomy

Lena enye inketho futhi yenziwa lapho isimila sesisabalele ngaphandle kwesifunda sesinye. Isinye sonke, esinezitho eziseduze siyakhishwa.

Ukuphambukiswa kwe-Urinary

Uma isinye singasebenzi ngokugcwele le nqubo iyenziwa. Kudalwa umzila omusha wendawo yomchamo

I-Chemotherapy Yesinye

Lawa elapha amangqamuzana omdlavuza akhona olwelweni lwesinye futhi angase aphinde aphinde avele. Lawa maseli angase athuthukele esigabeni esiphezulu. Izidakamizwa zisetshenziswa lapha ezihlanganisa i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin.

I-Radiation Therapy

Uma ukuhlinzwa kungenzeki noma kufiseleki bese kuphakanyiswa imisebe. Kuvamile ezimweni zeSigaba II lapho umdlavuza usufinyelele khona emsipha, kodwa usaqhubekela phambili.

Ukwelashwa okubhekiswe

Ukuguqulwa kofuzo inhloso yalokhu kwelashwa. Iguqula amangqamuzana anempilo abe amaseli anomdlavuza. Isibonelo, imithi efana ne-FGFR gene inhibitors iqondise amaseli anezinguquko zofuzo ezikhuthaza ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Amathiphu Okuvimbela Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Wesinye

Ukukhetha indlela yokuphila enhle nokugwema izici eziyingozi ezihlonziwe kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile ekuvimbeleni umdlavuza wesinye. Nazi ezinye izindlela ezilula zokwehlisa ubungozi bakho:

Yeka Ukubhema: Kuyisici esiyingozi kakhulu somdlavuza wesinye. Uma uyeka ukubhema, kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho. Gwema ugwayi kagwayi futhi.
I-Stay Hydrated: Uma uphuza amanzi anele, ayasiza ekukhipheni ubuthi obubulalayo esinyeni sakho. Ukuthatha izingilazi zamanzi eziyi-8 nsuku zonke kugcina isinye sinempilo.
Ukudla Okunokulinganisela Nokunempilo: Izithelo, imifino, nokusanhlamvu okuphelele okufakwe ekudleni kunempilo futhi kuhle emzimbeni.
Gwema Amakhemikhali Ayingozi: Uma usebenza embonini yamakhemikhali noma yerabha thatha izinyathelo zokuphepha futhi usebenzise okokuvikela. Ukuzigcina kude nezinto eziyingozi kungasiza ukunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesinye.
Landela Udokotela: Ukuhlola njalo kuyasiza futhi kungabona izinkinga ekuqaleni.