Omabini amadoda kunye nabasetyhini banengxaki yemicimbi eyahlukeneyo enxulumene nempilo apho umhlaza we-vulvar ungomnye wabo. Ngumhlaza okhokelela ekufeni kwabantu abaninzi kwihlabathi lethu. Le ngxaki yenzeka ngenxa yecuba okanye usulelo lwe-HIV. Umntu okhe wafumana le ngxaki unokufumana unyango lomhlaza we-vulvar okanye unyango olwahlukileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, umhlaza we-vulvar sisifo esinqabileyo kwaye sichaphazela kakhulu abafazi. Ichaphazela i-vulva, inxalenye yelungu lobufazi lebhinqa. Kwenzeka xa iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zikhula ngokungalawulekiyo kule ndawo ngendlela yethumba. Imiba yomngcipheko wale ngxaki lusulelo lwe-HPV kunye nokucaphuka okungapheliyo. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko komhlaza we-vulvar kubalulekile ukuze uchache.

Iintlobo zoMhlaza weVulvar

Lo mhlaza uziindidi ezahlukeneyo, nezi zilandelayo:

I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Ngowona mhlaza uxhaphakileyo, ochaphazela iiseli ze-squamous kwi-vulva. Le ngxaki yenzeka ngenxa yezilonda okanye amaqhuma kule ndawo, anganyangeki lula okanye athintelwe ngugqirha.
I-Melanoma: Iyenzeka kwi-melanocytes, ekhokelela kwibala lesikhumba kwizigulane. Lo mhlaza awuxhaphakanga kwaye unobundlobongela kubo. Ibonakala njengendawo emnyama kwaye emile ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwi-vulva.
I-Basal Cell Carcinoma: Yi umdlavuza wesikhumba eyenzeka kwiiseli ze-basal, indawo esezantsi yolusu olungaphandle. Le ngxaki ikhula kancinci kwaye ikhokelela kumonakalo wendawo kwi-vulva.
Isifo sikaPaget: Le ngxaki inqabile kwaye ikhula ngokucothayo, edla ngokuchaphazela umphezulu wesikhumba kwi-vulva. Ikhokelela kwiintlungu kunye nokurhawuzelelwa kwabasetyhini, ezinokunyangwa ngotyando okanye imiquimod cream. Esi sifo sikaPaget sifana nesifo sikaPaget kwibele.
ISarcoma: Ngumhlaza we-vulvar onqabileyo owenzeka kwizihlunu okanye kwimithambo yegazi. Le ngxaki ikhokelela ekudumbeni okanye iqhuma kwindawo ye-vulvar.

Iimpawu zeVulvar Cancer

Iimpawu ezenzekayo ngenxa yalo mhlaza zezi zilandelayo:

Ukonakala kolusu: Ububomvu obungaqhelekanga, ukujiya, okanye ukuguquka kwebala eluswini lwe-vulva kunokuba luphawu kunye nophawu lomhlaza we-vulvar.
Ukudumba: Ukuba umhlaza uchaphazeleka kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane, unokudumba kwi-vulva okanye kwindawo yegroin.
Iqhuma okanye Ukukhula: Amaqhuma anokuba buhlungu, abe nzima, okanye afane nokumila ngendlela. Isenokubonakala kwaye ayinakusuka.
Ukukhutshwa okungaqhelekanga: Ukukhutshwa okungaqhelekanga kunokucaca, kube negazi, kwaye kube nevumba elingaqhelekanga, elinokuhamba kunye nezinye iimpawu. Oku kukhokelela kwimiphumo eyingozi kwizigulane.
Ukurhawuzelelwa okanye ukungonwabi: Ukurhawuzelelwa kwindawo ye-vulvar kunokuba nzima kwaye kuqhubeke, kubangele ukungonwabi kubantu. Lolunye uphawu lwenzeka ngenxa yalo mhlaza.
Izilonda okanye Izilonda: Izilonda okanye izilonda zenzeka ngenxa yomhlaza we-vulvar kwi-vulva, onganyangeki lula. Kusenokuba buhlungu okanye ukopha kwizigulana.

Ukuxilongwa kweVulvar Cancer

Umhlaza weVulvar unokufunyaniswa ngeendlela ezininzi:

Cystoscopy: Yinkqubo evavanya umhlaza we-vulvar kwileli kunye ne-urethra. Ugqirha usebenzisa ityhubhu ekhanyisiweyo ukujonga le ngxaki.
Uvuko: Le nkqubo ivavanya umhlaza we-vulvar ngokususa isampulu yethishu kwi-vulva. Yenziwa kwiofisi yengcali yezempilo okanye kwigumbi lotyando.
IColposcopy: Le nkqubo ijonga umhlaza kwilungu lobufazi, lobufazi, kunye nomlomo wesibeleko. Kubandakanya isixhobo esikhethekileyo esaziwa ngokuba yicolposcope ukuhlola le ngxaki.
Iskena seMRI: I-MRI yenza imifanekiso enqamlezileyo enemagnethi eyomeleleyo kunye namaza erediyo. Yinkqubo ebalulekileyo yonyango lomhlaza we-vulvar. Esi scan sikwabonisa ukuba umhlaza uchaphazele ingqondo kunye nomnqonqo.
CT Scan: Luvavanyo lweX-reyi olunceda ekubhaqeni umhlaza we-vulvar okanye i-lymph nodes eyandisiweyo kwizigulana. Ijonga umhlaza kwii-lymph nodes kunye namanye amalungu omzimba. Le nkqubo iluncedo ekunyangeni umhlaza omkhulu we-vulvar.
I-PET Scan: Luvavanyo lokucinga oluluncedo olulawula umhlaza we-vulvar kwii-lymph nodes kunye namanye amalungu omzimba. Le nkqubo isetyenziswa njengeswekile enemitha yemitha, efakwa egazini. Idala imifanekiso yeendawo ezichaphazelekayo ukunika ulwazi oluluncedo malunga nabo.
Iproctoscopy: Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukunyanga umhlaza we-vulvar osasazeka kwi-rectum kunye ne-anus. Ityhubhu encinci kunye nekhanyisiweyo isetyenziselwa unyango.

Unyango lweVulvar Cancer

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-vulvar unyango lomhlaza, zezi zilandelayo:

Ukuhlinzwa

Lunyango oluphambili lomhlaza we-vulvar, olubandakanya iinkqubo ezininzi:

Ukususwa kwee-lymph nodes: Ukuba ii-lymph nodes zichaphazelekayo ngenxa yomhlaza we-vulvar, ngoko kufuneka zisuswe, ezinceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wayo.
Ukususa icandelo leVulva okanye iVulva yonke: Xa uphethwe ngumhlaza omkhulu, ke iVulvectomy yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yonyango. Lutyando olubandakanya ukukhutshwa komzi. I-vulvectomy engaphelelanga kukususwa kwenxalenye ye-vulva, kanti i-vulvectomy enkulu kukususwa kwe-vulva yonke.
Ukususwa koMhlaza kunye nezinye iiTishu eziphilileyo: Ukukhutshwa kubandakanya ukusika umda wezicubu ezikhangeleka zisempilweni, eziqinisekisa ukususwa kwazo zonke iiseli zomhlaza. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba kukusikwa okubanzi kwendawo okanye ukukhutshwa ngokugqibeleleyo.

Utyando lweyeza

Olu nyango lusebenzisa imiqadi yamandla enamandla, ehanjiswa kwi-X-reyi, iiproton, njl njl. Isigulana kufuneka silale etafileni ngexesha lonyango lweradiation. Umatshini uyajikeleza kuye kwaye ukhupha amanqaku achanekileyo omzimba. Unyango lwemitha lusetyenziselwa ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza ezifumaneka kwi-lymph nodes. Idibanisa nechemotherapy ukunyanga le ngxaki.

Chemotherapy

Isebenzisa amayeza anamandla anyanga umhlaza we-vulvar ochaphazela amanye amalungu omzimba. Chemotherapy idityaniswe nonyango lwemitha ukunyanga umhlaza omkhulu we-vulvar okanye umhlaza ojikeleze ii-lymph nodes.

immunotherapy

Olu nyango lunceda amajoni omzimba ukuba akwazi ukulwa nezifo ngokuhlasela iintsholongwane kunye nezinye iiseli zomhlaza. Ezi seli ziphila ngokuzifihla kule nkqubo. Ikwaluncedo kunyango lomhlaza we-vulvar ophezulu.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Isebenzisa amayeza ajolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezikhoyo kwiiseli zomhlaza. Oku kuthintela le michiza ikhokelela ekufeni kwezi seli. Ikwaphatha umhlaza we-vulvar ophezulu ngokufanayo nonyango lwe-immunotherapy.

Ungawuthintela njani umhlaza weVulvar?

Umhlaza weVulvar unokuthintelwa ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

Uvavanyo lwePelvic: Ugqirha uhlola izinto ezinobungozi kunye neempawu ngembali epheleleyo yonyango. Emva koko, uya kuhlola le ngxaki ngoviwo lwe-pelvic. Linyathelo lokuqala lokuthintela lo mhlaza kwizigulana. Ugqirha uya kwenza novavanyo lwePap okanye lweHPV kwilungu lobufazi kunye nomlomo wesibeleko.
Liphephe icuba: Ukutshaya icuba kukhokelela kumngcipheko owongezelelweyo womhlaza we-vulvar. Ukuba awukwazi ukuyeka, ngoko qhagamshelana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Le ngxaki inokunyangwa ngamayeza kunye neengcebiso.
Umngcipheko osezantsi woSulelo lweHPV: I-HPV yonyusa umngcipheko womhlaza we-vulvar ngenxa yokwabelana ngesondo. Ukuba ufuna ukunciphisa le ngxaki, landela la manyathelo:

Sebenzisa ikhondom: Ikhondom inokuba luncedo kumngcipheko we-HPV, kodwa ayiboneleli ngokhuseleko olupheleleyo kule ngxaki.
Fumana isitofu sokugonya se-HPV: Isitofu sokugonya sibonelela ngokhuseleko kwintsholongwane ngenxa yomhlaza we-vulvar. Ungathetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nesitofu sokugonya se-HPV.