Umhlaza we-thyroid luhlobo lomhlaza onqabileyo kakhulu. Xa kukho ukukhula kweeseli ezininzi kwidlala lengqula kwaye zibenomngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza, ke olu tshintsho lubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wegilo. Iqala ukukhula iiseli kwidlala lengqula elijikeleze uqhoqhoqho lwentamo. Eli dlala likhupha amahomoni anceda ukulawula i-metabolism kunye nemisebenzi yomzimba, njengokukhula, ubushushu bomzimba, uxinzelelo lwegazi njl njl. Ngokophando, kuboniswa ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwe-5 lac bafumana esi sifo kulo lonke ihlabathi. Inani labaguli ababhinqileyo lingaphezulu kwamadoda. Emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba unesifo esisongela ubomi, izigulana zikhangela iindlela ezifanelekileyo zonyango zokunyanga umhlaza we-thyroid. Ngezibonelelo zonyango eziphucukileyo, kunokwenzeka ukunyanga iintlobo ezinjalo zomhlaza, kwaye zonke iindlela ezifanelekileyo zonyango lomhlaza we-thyroid ziya kuchazwa ngezantsi.

Iintlobo zoMhlaza weNdlala

Yahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezine ngesiseko semvelaphi yezo seli ezinomhlaza, kwaye ezi zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Umhlaza wePapillary: Luhlobo oluqhelekileyo kwaye luchaphazela i-lymph nodes entanyeni. Olu hlobo lomhlaza lunokunyangwa ngonyango.
Umhlaza weFollicular: Kulo mhlaza unwenwela kwamanye amalungu amathambo namalungu, njengemiphunga. Ngumhlaza we-metastatic, ngoko ke unyango lwayo alukho lula.
Umhlaza weMedullary: Ukuguqulwa kofuzo okanye ulandelelwano lwe-DNA kunye nembali yentsapho enesifo esifanayo ingaba sisizathu soku uhlobo lomhlaza.
Umhlaza weAnaplastic: Kunzima ukunyanga kuba isasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Iimpawu zomhlaza we-thyroid kunye neempawu

Umhlaza wedlala lengqula uneempawu ezithile ezibonakalayo ezinokubonwa emazantsi entamo ngendlela yamaqhuma angenantlungu. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zibonakaliso zokuqala zomhlaza we-thyroid zingabonwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Kunzima ukugwinya
Umqala obuhkungu
Ukudumba kwentamo ngenxa yeqhuma
Intlungu yendlebe
Utshintsho kwilizwi ngenxa yokukrweleka emqaleni (umsindo)
Ukunciphisa ukutya
Ndiziva ndidiniwe
Ukuphefumla
Isikhohlela esinganyangekiyo

Iimbangela zoMhlaza weNdlala

Oyena nobangela womhlaza we-thyroid awukaziwa ngokupheleleyo okwangoku, nangona kunjalo, nazi ezinye izinto ezinokubangela.

Ukunqongophala kwe-iodine
Imiba yesini njengabasetyhini batyekele ngakumbi kunamadoda
Ukuvezwa kwemitha
Ukugqithisa
Abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-25 ukuya kwengama-65 kunokwenzeka ukuba bayiphuhlise
Imbali yentsapho yezifo ezinxulumene ne-thyroid
Ukuguqulwa kwemfuza kunokubangela utshintsho kwiijini eziphilileyo

Iinkqubo zeThyroid Cancer Treatment

Kukho iiprothokholi ekufuneka zilandelwe ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe unyango lomhlaza wegilo. Ezi zikhankanyiwe ngezantsi:

Uxilongo kunye novavanyo

Isifo kufuneka sibonwe ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango, ngoko ugqirha unokuqhuba olu vavanyo lulandelayo:

Iimvavanyo zokulinganisa ezifana ne-PET kunye ne-CT scan
Uvavanyo lwegazi
Biopsy
Uhlolo loqobo
MRI
Endoscopy yomqala
Uvavanyo lomsebenzi we-Thyroid okanye Ukufumana i-Radioactive Iodine
omoya

Amanqanaba

Inqanaba layo lichaza indlela esasazeka ngokukhawuleza ngayo kunye nobukhulu bayo. Inkqubo ye-TNM isetyenziselwa ukuchaza inqanaba lomhlaza wegilo.

T (Ithumba): Ichaza ubungakanani kunye nendawo echanekileyo yethumba.
N (Nodes): Ixela ukuba ingaba i-lymph nodes ichatshazelwe okanye ayichatshazelwanga ngulo mhlaza.
M (Metastasis): Sisigaba semetastatic apho umhlaza usasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

IiKhetho zoNyango lwe-Thyroid Cancer

Ngokwesiseko sohlobo lwayo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza, unyango lunokuqaliswa. Ingcali yezempilo iya kubonelela ngesicwangciso sonyango esisebenzayo ukulwa nomhlaza wegilo. Kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango lwe-thyroid tumor ezi zilandelayo:

Ukuhlinzwa: Lunyango lokuqala lokususa i-lobe ibizwa ngokuba yi-lobectomy kwaye i-thyroid gland yonke isusiwe yaziwa ngokuba yi-thyroidectomy. Utyando lwenziwa ngokwesiseko sobukhulu bayo kunye nokwenzeka kwezi seli zingaqhelekanga.
Unyango ngamayeza: Kukho amayeza athile asetyenziselwa ukumisa kwaye abulale ezo seli zisasaza umhlaza. Inokuthatyathwa ngomlomo okanye ngomthambo. Ezi khemikhali zichaphazela indawo ethile yeeseli ezivelisa umhlaza.
Unyango lweHormone yeTyroid: Kuyanceda ukususa ezo hormone ezinokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wegilo.
Unyango lweRadioiodine: Kulo nyango iodine ye-radioactive ngendlela yesisombululo okanye ithebhulethi isetyenziswa. Idlala lengqula lifunxa le radioiodine kwaye ngale ndlela iyeza libulala iiseli zomhlaza kwidlala lengqula.
Unyango olujolisiweyo: Kolu nyango, loo mayeza asetyenziswayo achonga kwaye ahlasele iiseli ezinomhlaza. Kukho ezinye ii-inhibitors ezithintela imiqondiso kunye neeprotheni zezo seli ezikhuthaza umhlaza.
Unyango ngemitha: Zimbini iindidi apho ukukhanya okuphezulu kusetyenziselwa ukubulala iiseli zethumba. Kunyango lwangaphakathi lweradiation, i-radioactive substance ifakwa kwiiseli zomhlaza wethyroid ngocingo okanye ngecatheter.