I-Chemotherapy yinkqubo yonyango esetyenziselwa ukunyanga izigulane ezinomhlaza. Lunyango lweziyobisi olufakwe emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa i-ejections kunye ne-IVS. I-Chemotherapy iquka amachiza abalulekileyo anamandla anciphisa iiseli zomhlaza emzimbeni. Ukuphuhlisa iiseli ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga ngoyena nobangela walo naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaza ebantwini. Kungoko, iingcali zonyango zikhetha unyango lwechemotherapy emva kokuvavanya imeko yesigulana kunye nenqanaba lokugula ngokunjalo.

I-Chemotherapy yindlela esebenzayo yokunciphisa iiseli ezibangela umhlaza, nangona kunjalo, inokubandakanya iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Xa iiseli ezingenampilo zikhula kwaye zahlulahlulwe ngokungalawulekiyo ke imeko ibangela imiba emininzi yezempilo efunyenwe ngeempawu zomhlaza. Unyango ngamachiza luyazibulala ezo seli kwaye luzithintele ekubeni zingaphindaphindeki. Oogqirha banokusebenzisa oku unyango lomhlaza kwizigulana ngaphambi nasemva kotyando ngokwemeko yesigulana.

Iintlobo zeKhemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy isetyenziselwa ukunyanga abaguli abanomhlaza ukutshabalalisa ukusebenza kweeseli ezinobungozi ezenzekayo emzimbeni kwaye zibangele izicubu zomhlaza. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zechemotherapy ezikhankanywe ngezantsi:

Inkqubo Chemotherapy

Le yindlela eyaziwayo yechemotherapy ebandakanya indibaniselwano yamachiza anikwa isigulana ngendlela yeepilisi kunye nokutofwa emithanjeni. Emva koko, iziyobisi ziqala ukusebenza kwaye zifikelele kwiiseli ngegazi. Le ndlela yenkqubo ibandakanya amachiza e-chemotherapy anciphisa ukusasazeka kwesigulo ekufikeleleni kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Unyango lweKhemotherapy

Olu nyango lwechemotherapy lusebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo ethile yomzimba apho umhlaza ufunyenwe khona. Umzekelo, ukuba umntu udlula kwi-Ovarian Cancer, oogqirha baya kuyikhuphela kumqolo wesisu ukuze bajolise ngokukodwa kwiiseli. Oku kunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwaye kunciphisa amathuba okusasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

I-Adjuvant Chemotherapy

Inikwa isigulane emva kotyando ukuze kuncitshiswe utshintsho oluphinda luphinde lwenzeke kwiiseli zomhlaza ezingenampilo emzimbeni. Oku kukwaqinisekisa ukususa ezo seli zingabonwanga ngemicroscope kwaye zihlale emva kotyando. Le chemotherapy ijolise ekuthinteleni amathuba okuba umhlaza ubuye.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Olu hlobo lwe-chemo lusebenza phambi kotyando ukunciphisa uhlobo lwe-tumor, okwenza kube lula ukunciphisa. Ke, le chemotherapy iwenza lula umsebenzi woogqirha kwaye yonyusa amathuba okuphumelela utyando.

IPalliative Chemotherapy

Xa utshintsho luthotyiwe ukoyisa ukugula, i-palliative chemo isetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngesiqabu kwiimpawu kunye nokuphucula imeko yesigulana. Inceda ekulawuleni iintlungu kunye nezinye iimpawu.

I-Chemotherapy eqhelekileyo

Idibana neeseli ezibangela umhlaza ezihlala zikhula kwaye ziyahlukana. Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo lwe-chemo ngamanye amaxesha luhlasela zombini iiseli ezinempilo kunye nezingenampilo, ezikhokelela kwimiphumo emibi efana nokuwa kwesichotho, isiyezi, intlungu kunye nesicaphucaphu esiqhubekayo.

I-Chemotherapy ekujoliswe kuyo

Olu hlobo lwe-chemo lubandakanya amachiza ahlukeneyo ajolise kwiiseli zomhlaza kunye nefuthe elincinci kwiiseli ezisempilweni. Isebenza ngokuhlasela iikhemikhali ezithile kunye neemolekyuli ezinoxanduva lophuhliso lweeseli eziyingozi.

IiPros and Cons of Chemotherapy

IiNzuzo zeKhemotherapy

Unyango lweChemotherapy yindlela esebenzayo yokunyanga umhlaza. Ilawulwa ngoogqirha kwizigulana kwihlabathi liphela. Kukho iingenelo ezininzi zokuthatha i-chemo, ezinye zazo zinikwe ngezantsi:

Nqanda ukuSasazeka: Ukuthintela ukwanda komhlaza, unokunyangwa kuzo zonke iiseli zomhlaza emzimbeni. Oku kukwaqinisekisa utshintsho lwempumelelo yotyando kwaye kunciphisa ukusasazeka kweeseli kwelinye icala lomzimba.
Qinisekisa ukuPhinda koMhlaza: Qinisekisa utshintsho oluphindayo ngokubulala iiseli ezinobungozi ezinokusasazeka emzimbeni kodwa zingabonwa ngoogqirha.
Nikela ngoKhetho loNyango: I-Chemotherapy ibonelela ngoogqirha kunye nezigulana ngeendlela ezinokukhetha kuzo kunye ngokwenqanaba labo lomhlaza kunye naphezu kwazo zonke iimeko zokunyanga umhlaza ngokufanelekileyo.
Udibanisa Unyango: Ingasetyenziswa kunye nonyango oludibeneyo olufana nonyango lwemitha kunye noqhaqho. Isebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ixhasa ezinye iindlela zonyango.
Ukubulala iiseli ezingenampilo: I-Chemotherapy yindlela esebenzayo yokubulala iiseli ezingenampilo ezikhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokulawula imeko yomhlaza kwisigulana.

I-Chemotherapy Side Effects

Unyango lweKhemotherapy lukhetho olulungileyo kodwa kwezinye iimeko lunokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezongezelelweyo ezifana ne-anemia, iingxaki zentliziyo kunye nezintso kunye nosulelo.

Andiqinisekanga ukuba iza kusebenza kuzo zonke iimeko: Umzimba womntu ngamnye uyahluka kwaye usebenza ngokwahlukileyo xa usebenzisa amayeza. Ke, inokususa iiseli zomhlaza okanye amathumba emzimbeni kodwa ingawususi ngokupheleleyo kwezinye iimeko.

Buchaphazela Ubomi: Isenokushiya iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nefuthe kubulunga bobomi. Oku kunokubandakanya ukujongana nobunzima ngelixa usenza imisebenzi enzima, iimvakalelo kwaye kunokubangela usulelo ngokunjalo.

Ukundwendwelwa rhoqo kooGqirha: Kwakhona kufuna ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kunye nokutyelela rhoqo ukwenzela ukujonga imeko kunye nokuphila kakuhle, okuthatha ixesha kunye nomonde omkhulu kwaye kuba yingxaki.

Iziyobisi Chemotherapy

Amachiza onyango lwekhemotherapy ngamachiza abalulekileyo anamandla asetyenziswa ngokukodwa ukunyanga iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza. Basebenza kwiiseli eziyingozi ezikhula ngokukhawuleza ezingalungelelananga ezidala umhlaza. Okulandelayo lulwazi olufutshane malunga namachiza e-chemo, ichiza ngalinye lisebenza ngokwahlukileyo kwaye linokusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo okanye lodwa.

Iiarhente zeAlkylating: Eli chiza lisebenza ekutshabalaliseni i-DNA yeeseli zomhlaza kunye nokuthintela ukuveliswa kwazo. Ngokomzekelo, i-cyclophosphamide kunye ne-melphalan. Ezi zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-leukemia kunye ne-lymphoma.
Antimetabolites: La machiza afana kakhulu nezinto zendalo ezixhasa iiseli ezinempilo ukuba zikhule, zikhohlisa iiseli ukuba zizisebenzise endaweni yoko. Umzekelo i-methotrexate kunye ne-5-fluorouracil esetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza webele kunye nomhlaza we-colorectal.
Izityalo zeAlkaloids: Lawa ngamachiza aphuma kwiintlobo ezithile zezityalo kwaye asetyenziswa kunyango lwemiphunga kunye nomhlaza wesibeleko. Umzekelo wamachiza yi-paclitaxel kunye ne-vincristine, ezi ziyeke ukuveliswa kweeseli zomhlaza.
I-Antitumor Antibiotics: Ezi ntlobo zamachiza zisebenza ekutshabalaliseni i-DNA yeeseli eziyingozi kwaye zithintele umhlaza emzimbeni. I-Doxorubicin kunye ne-bleomycin yimizekelo edumileyo yamachiza asetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lomhlaza wamabele.
I-Topoisomerase Inhibitors: La machiza abandakanya ii-enzymes ezifunekayo ukuphindaphinda kwe-DNA kwiiseli zomhlaza. Imizekelo yi-irinotecan kunye ne-etoposide, esetyenziselwa umhlaza wekholoni kunye nemiphunga.
Unyango lweHormone: La machiza anyanga ezo ndidi zomhlaza ezichatshazelwa ziihomoni, umzekelo umhlaza webele kunye nowedlala lobudoda. Ezi zithintele iihomoni zendalo zomzimba okanye zinciphisa umgangatho wazo ukuthintela ukwanda kwesigulo.

Inkqubo yeKhemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy ifuna ukucwangciswa kunye nolawulo oluninzi phantsi kwesikhokelo soogqirha, amanye amanyathelo ayimfuneko ale nkqubo alandelayo:

Ucwangciso noLungiselelo

Ngaphambi kokuba uye kwi-chemotherapy, ugqirha uya kuvavanya yonke impilo kunye nemeko kunye nesigaba somhlaza esinaso. Ngokwenza oku benza uvavanyo lwegazi, iiX-reyi kwaye bajonge namayeza angaphambili. Kwaye uyazi ukuba ngaba izigulana zinazo naziphi na iingxaki zokungalungi okanye ezinye iingxaki zempilo. Emva koko uqhubeke nenkqubo.

Ilawulwa phantsi kweliso likaGqirha

I-Chemotherapy inokubonelelwa kwisigulana ngeendlela ezininzi:

Umthambo IV: Unyango lwamachiza ludla ngokutofwa ngeenaliti emithanjeni ngeenaliti. Kule nkqubo amayeza ahamba ngemithambo aze angene egazini.
Ifomu yomlomo: Amanye amayeza eKhemotherapy afumaneka ngohlobo lweepilisi kunye neefomula ezingamanzi, ezi zithathwa ngomlomo kwaye zifunxelwe emzimbeni ngenkqubo yokwetyisa.
Imixholo: Ambalwa amayeza eKhemotherapy asetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo eluswini ngokwemeko yesigulana. Ezi zifumaneka ngendlela ye-creams kunye ne-ointments.
Injections: Uninzi lwamachiza e-chemo lunikezelwa ngesitofu kwizihlunu kunye nolusu.

Unyango olucwangcisiweyo

Inkqubo yechemotherapy yenziwa kumjikelo. Umjikelo ngamnye ufuna ixesha lokunqumama lonyango kunye novavanyo oluthile. Lo mjikelo wenzelwe ukuba uqaphele ukubuyiswa kwesigulana somhlaza. Ukucwangcisa kuxhomekeke kwindlela umzimba osebenza ngayo kunye nohlobo lomhlaza.

Ukubeka iliso rhoqo

Kulo lonke unyango lomhlaza oogqirha bajonga imeko yesigulana ngamaxesha. Oku kunokubandakanya uvavanyo lwegazi, ukusebenza kwamachiza, impilo-ntle yesigulana kunye nendlela umzimba ophila ngayo kumachiza anikiweyo. Oogqirha nabo benza uhlengahlengiso lwamayeza ngokwemfuno.

Ulawulo lweMpembelelo yecala

Iinkqubo zonyango lwekhemotherapy zinokukhokelela kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngokunjalo kwezinye iimeko, njengosulelo, ukulahleka kweenwele, isiyezi kunye norhudo. Ke ngoko, kuyafuneka ukulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.