Unyango lwe-CAR T-Cell (i-chimeric antigen receptor) lwenziwa ikakhulu kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza wegazi. Luhlobo lwendlela ephucula amandla omzimba womntu ukulwa neeseli zomhlaza. Luguqula iiseli ze-T ezikhoyo emzimbeni ukuze zichonge kwaye zonakalise ngcono iiseli zomhlaza. Oku kwenziwa ikakhulu kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza wegazi ezifana ne-leukemia, i-multiple myeloma, i-lymphoma, njl. Nathi, izigulana ezivela kwihlabathi liphela zinokufumana olu nyango eIndiya, eThailand, eDubai nakwamanye amazwe amaninzi ngoogqirha abaziingcali ababonelela ngezibonelelo zempilo ezizimeleyo nezikhuselekileyo.

Ngubani Ofuna Unyango Lweeseli Ze-CAR T?

Unyango lwe-CAR T-Cell luyindlela eyenziwa ikakhulu kumhlaza othile wegazi. Le nkqubo ingasetyenziswa kubantwana nakubantu abadala. Ukuba umntwana okanye umntu omdala uneminye yale mihlaza yegazi ilandelayo, banokuya kwi-CAR T Cell therapy emva kokufumana ingcebiso kugqirha.

I-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
I-Lymphoma yesifo
Myeloma ezininzi
Ukusasaza i-B Cell Lymphoma enkulu
I-lymphocytic leukemia engapheliyo
Ingubo yeseli Lymphoma

Iindidi ze-CAR T-Cell Therapy

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zonyango lwe-CAR T-Cell ezikhoyo ezifunyaniswa ikakhulu ukuba zijolise kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-antigens ezihlala kumphezulu weeseli zomhlaza, ezifana nezi:

I-Tisagenlecleucel: Olu nyango lwenziwa ikakhulu kunyango lwe-acute B cell lymphoblastic leukemia yabantu abadala, i-large B cell lymphoma kunye ne-follicular lymphoma.
I-Axicabtagene Ciloleucel: Unyango lwe-immunotherapy olujolise kakhulu kwi-antigen kwi-large B-cell lymphoma kunye ne-follicular lymphoma.
I-Brexucabtagene Autoleucel: Olunye uhlobo lolu nyango, olwenziwa ikakhulu ukujolisa i-antigen kwi-mantle cell lymphoma kunye ne-adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
ILisocabtagne Maraleucel: Olu nyango lusetyenziselwa ukujolisa i-antigen ye-CD19 kwi-large B-cell lymphoma, i-chronic lymphocytic leukemia, i-follicular lymphoma kunye ne-mantle cell lymphoma.
Idecabtagene Vicleucel: Ihlala igxile kwi-antigen yokuvuthwa kweeseli ze-B kwi-multiple myeloma.
ICiltacabtagene Autoleucel: Olu nyango lwenziwa ukuze kujoliswe ekuvuthweni kweeseli ze-B kwi-multiple myeloma.
I-Obecabtagene Autoleucel: Olu nyango lusetyenziswa kwi-acute lymphoblastic leukemia yabantu abadala ukuze kujoliswe kwi-antigen ye-CD19.

Izithintelo zoNyango lwe-CAR T-Cell

Kuthathwa njengokhetho olungcono lokunyanga iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza wegazi kodwa akuncedi wonke umntu. Ukuba isigulana sinezi meko zilandelayo, sisenokungalungeli olu nyango:

Ukuba umntu une-HIV, i-hepatitis, njl.
Ukuba umntu unezifo ezichaphazela amasosha omzimba ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis, i-lupus, njl.
Amanqanaba aphezulu esifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, njl.
Isigaba sokuncancisa somfazi.
Iithumba eziqinileyo.
Izigulana ezikhe zadlula kolu nyango kanye.
Ubudala bunokuba yinto ebalulekileyo ingakumbi kubantu abadala.
Izinto Ezichaphazela Ingqondo.

Indlela Yokulungiselela Unyango Lweeseli Ze-CAR T

Nazi ezinye zeendlela ezibalulekileyo umntu anokuziqwalasela xa elungiselela olu nyango olunokubonelela ngeziphumo ezilungileyo:

Ukubonisana: Ekuqaleni, oogqirha bajonga imbali yezonyango kunye nemeko yempilo yesigulana.
Uvavanyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo lwemifanekiso: Oogqirha benza uvavanyo oluthile oluquka ii-CT kunye ne-MRI scans, kunye novavanyo lwegazi.
Uvavanyo lwangaphambi koNyango: Iingcali zonyango zihlola ukuba intliziyo, imiphunga, kunye nezintso zisebenza kakuhle okanye azisebenzi kakuhle.
Ukugonywa: Izitofu ezithile zinikwa isigulana ezisinceda ukuba sikhuseleke kwiintsholongwane.
Ingxoxo malunga namayeza: Kule meko izigulane zixelela iingcali zazo zempilo ngamayeza eziwasebenzisayo ngoku.
Inkxaso yengqondo: Inkxaso yosapho, abahlobo okanye yezempilo ibalulekile kumntu ngexesha lonyango olumncedayo ukuba akwazi ukulawula iimvakalelo zakhe ngelixa enyangwa.
Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila: Umntu kufuneka alandele ukutya okunesondlo, asele amanzi amaninzi kwaye aphephe ukuzilolonga okunzima. Oku kunceda ekulungiseleleni ngaphambi konyango.

I-CAR T Cell Therapy: Inkqubo yeNyathelo ngeNyathelo

Nantsi indlela echazwe ngayo le nkqubo, efana nale:

Ingqokelela yee-T-Cells: Ekuqaleni, oogqirha baqokelela igazi lesigulana baze bahlukanise ii-T cells kulo. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-leukapheresis.
Uhlengahlengiso lweLabhoratri: Emva kokuqokelelwa kwee-T cells, oogqirha bazithumela kwiilabhoratri ukuze kuguqulwe ii-CARs. Oku kunceda ii-T-cells ukuba zichonge iiseli zomhlaza kwaye zizonakalisa ngempumelelo.
Ukwandiswa kwee-T-Cells ze-CAR: Xa kwenziwe utshintsho, iingcali ziyazikhulisa ezi seli kwilebhu. Oku kwenziwa ukuze inani lee-T-cells linyuke, nto leyo edla ngokuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa.
Ukulungiselela ukufunxwa kwee-CAR T-Cells: Kule nqanaba, oogqirha banciphisa inani leeseli zomzimba ukuze benze indawo yokufaka ii-CAR T-cells ngoncedo lwe-chemotherapy. Emva koko, bayayifaka egazini lesigulana.

Izibonelelo zeCAR T-Cell Therapy

Ezinye zeenzuzo zolu nyango zinikwe ngezantsi:

Olu nyango lugxile kakhulu ekonakaliseni iiseli zomhlaza.
Iphucula umgangatho wobomi.
Amathuba okuzalwa kwakhona kweeseli zomhlaza mancinci.
Amanani aphezulu okusinda.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kolu nyango zincinci.
Olu nyango lwenziwa ngokwendlela yesigulana.

Iingozi kunye neengxaki: Unyango lwe-CAR T-Cell

Ezinye zeengozi kunye neengxaki ezinokwenzeka emva koNyango lwe-CAR T-Cell:

I-Cytokine Release Syndrome
I-Immune Effector Cell Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome
Coma
Intloko Ebuhlungu
Ubalo lwegazi olusezantsi
Iintsholongwane ezifana nefungus, viral, njl.
I-allergies
Utshintsho kumsebenzi womzimba

Iindleko zoNyango lweeT-Cell zeCAR eIndiya

Ixabiso lonyango lwe-CAR T-Cell eIndiya ngokubanzi liqala kwi-INR ezingama-30,00,000 ukuya kwi-50,00,000. Linokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo, isibhedlele, oogqirha, inqanaba lobunzima besigulana, njl. Ixabiso lonyango eIndiya limalunga nesinye kwishumi xa lithelekiswa namanye amazwe aseNtshona.