Umhlaza wobuchopho luhlobo lomhlaza apho kukho ukwakheka okugqithisileyo kweeseli ezingaqhelekanga okanye inqwaba ngendlela yethumba ebuchotsheni okanye kwintambo yomqolo. Ubukhulu becala, umhlaza wobuchopho ngamathumba, kodwa ayingawo onke amathumba engqondo anomhlaza. Ngokwedatha yamanani, kufunyenwe ukuba ngaphezulu kwe-3 lakh izigulana kwihlabathi liphela zinomhlaza wobuchopho kwaye zikhangela ingqondo. unyango lomhlaza. Esi sifo sichaphazela ubomi bomntu, unyango lwaso ludla ngokuba ngumcelimngeni kuba sisasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Unyango kufuneka lucwangciswe ngokufanelekileyo ukufumana iziphumo ezingcono. Nalu ulwazi malunga nomhlaza wobuchopho, oonobangela bawo, iimpawu, kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuwunyanga ngendlela esebenzayo. Oku kuquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango, ezinokuthi zihluke kwisigulana ukuya kwisigulana.

Iintlobo zomhlaza wengqondo

Inokufumaneka ngohlobo lwezilonda, ama-cysts, kunye namathumba. Ezi zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezingaphezu kwe-120. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwamabakala abo, yahlulwe ibe ziifom ezimbini. La mabanga amele indlela ekhula ngayo ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ahluka ukusuka kwi-I ukuya kwi-IV. I-I kunye ne-II zibakala eliphantsi, ngelixa i-III kunye ne-IV zithathwa njengebakala eliphezulu.

I-Benign Tumor: Ezi azikho umhlaza okanye zikumgangatho ophantsi. Ithoba ukukhula kwethumba kwaye inokunyangwa.
Ithumba elibi: Ezi zinomhlaza wodidi oluphezulu ithumba lengqondo. Amathumba anobungozi athathwa njengee-tumor eziphambili eziqala ngaphakathi kwengqondo kodwa zisasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba okanye ngokuphambeneyo.

Iimbangela zoMhlaza woBuchotho

Unobangela wethumba lobuchopho ebuchotsheni awukaziwa ngokupheleleyo okwangoku. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye izinto ezinobungozi ezinokuthwala uxanduva. Oku kulandelayo:

Imeko yemfuzo: Le meko inokuba noxanduva lokuvelisa ngokugqithisileyo kweeseli kwaye ibangele umhlaza wobuchopho.

Iionizing Radiation: Ukuvezwa kwimitha ye-ionizing, efana ne-CT scan kunye ne-X-reyi, kunokubangela umhlaza wobuchopho. Kungenxa yokuba ezi mitha ye-carcinogenic enokuthi ibangele umhlaza wobuchopho.

Age: Izigulana zeGeriatric zithambekele ekuphuhliseni ithumba lobuchopho, kwaye libonwa nakubantwana.

Iimpawu zakwangoko kunye neempawu zomhlaza wengqondo

Iimpawu zomhlaza wobuchopho ziyahluka, kuxhomekeke ekubeni yeyiphi inxalenye yengqondo echaphazelekayo kunye nobukhulu bethumba. Kukho ezinye zeempawu zayo kunye neempawu, ezi zilandelayo:

Ukulahleka kwememori
intloko ebuhlungu
Ukuvutha
Ukonakala kombono
Ukuxhamla
Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha, ubuntu, kunye namandla okuqonda
Ukungaqondi
Ingxaki yokuthetha nokuhamba
Ukuba ndindisholo kwelinye lamalungu omzimba

Inkqubo yoNyango lweBrain Cancer

Uxilongo loNyango lweCancer Brain

Inokufunyaniswa kwisigulana emva kokwenza uvavanyo oluthile lwezonyango ngugqirha. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuskena umfanekiso wengqondo, okhankanywe ngezantsi:

Ubuchwephesha bokuBonisa: I-MRI kunye ne-CT scans ziindlela zokucinga ukufumana imifanekiso yangaphakathi yomzimba. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwengqondo.
Uvuko: Yinkqubo yonyango apho isampuli yezicubu okanye iiseli ziqokelelwa ukuze zibone ubukho besifo.
Uvavanyo Lwemithambo-luvo: Kwenziwa ngokuhlola amandla okulawula ingqondo. Njengee-reflexes, ukuncuma, ukuhamba, njl.

Iinjongo zoNyango lweCancer Brain

Uninzi lwabantu luyazibuza ukuba ingaba umhlaza wobuchopho unonyangeka okanye hayi. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lwayo luxhomekeke kwiminyaka, ubunzima, uhlobo okanye isigaba somhlaza wengqondo kunye nobukhulu bawo. Olu nyango luyohluka kumntu ngamnye. Unyango lomhlaza wobuchopho lunokunyanga okanye ukulawula umhlaza wobuchopho ngezi njongo zilandelayo:

Yehlisa isantya okanye uthintele iiseli ezinomhlaza okanye izicubu.
Tshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza zobuchopho.
Yandisa ithuba lokubuyisela.
Ukunciphisa iimpawu zomhlaza wengqondo.

Iintlobo zoNyango lweCancer Brain

Ezona ntlobo zonyango zixhaphakileyo eziluncedo ukunyanga umhlaza wobuchopho zezi zilandelayo:

Ukuhlinzwa

I-craniotomy, utyando olwenziwa ngokwenza umngxuma omncinci okanye ukusika kukhakhayi ukukhupha ithumba lonke. Lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo kwaye lusetyenziswa kakhulu unyango lokususa ithumba ebuchotsheni ngokupheleleyo. Ngethuba lotyando, ezinye iindlela zisetyenziswa ngokufanayo, njenge-endoscopy, i-biopsy, i-MRI ye-intraoperative, imephu yobuchopho, njl.

Chemotherapy

Unyango lusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa iiseli ezinomhlaza engqondweni. Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iyeza elinye okanye ngendibaniselwano yamanye amayeza okanye ngemitha. Ukulawulwa kweli yeza kunokuthatyathwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Njengefom yomlomo, ukutofa kwimithambo yegazi, iingalo, kunye ne-cerebrospinal fluid, okanye i-intrathecal chemotherapy. Olu nyango luthathwa ngemijikelo, olunokuthi lunikwe kwiklinikhi kagqirha ngaphandle kokungeniswa esibhedlele.

UNyango lweziyobisi oluJoliswe

Xa olunye unyango lungasebenzi kunonyango olujoliswe kuyo lusetyenziswa. Eli chiza lijolise ngokufanelekileyo kwezo seli zithile ezibangela umhlaza ebuchotsheni kwaye zithintela umhlaza ukuba usasazeke.

Utyando lweyeza

Kolu nyango, imitha yangaphandle isetyenziselwa ukubulala iiseli zethumba ebuchosheni ngaphandle kokuyonakalisa. Ukusetyenziswa kwemitha yokukhanya enamandla kusetyenziswa njengee-X-reyi ukonakalisa okanye ukucothisa ukukhula kweeseli eziyingozi ebuchotsheni. Iphinda iphindwe ngamaxesha amaninzi, okuxhomekeke kubunzima besifo. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zonyango lweradiation:

IRadiosurgery: Imisebe yemitha yemitha isetyenziswa kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo kwiiseli ezibanga umhlaza ngaphandle kokuchaphazela izicubu ezisempilweni. Olu lunyango lwemitha olungaphazamisiyo, oluquka iCyberknife okanye iNovalis Tx kunye neGamma imela.
Unyango ngeRadio: Lunyango lwemitha lwangaphandle olusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukunyanga ithumba ebuchotsheni. I-Radiotherapy ijolise kwiiseli ezibangela umhlaza, izicubu ezikufutshane, kunye nengqondo iphela. Le yi-Whole-Brain Radiotherapy Treatment, okanye i-WBRT, ukunyanga ithumba le-metastatic.