Umhlaza wamathambo ngu uhlobo lomhlaza enokuthi yenzeke nakweliphi na ithambo lomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ichaphazela kakhulu amathambo amade njengeengalo, imilenze, kunye namathambo e-pelvic. Ithambo umhlaza iqalisa ukukhula kanye emathanjeni yaye ngokufuthi isasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Iqala ukukhula xa iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ziqala ukwanda kwithambo lethambo. Oku kukhula okungalinganiyo kweeseli kunokunciphisa ithambo kwaye kubangele intlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukuphuka, ukukhathala njl,. Kwaye, ukunciphisa ukusebenza komzimba. Imeko ifunyenwe ngeentlungu ezingenakunyamezeleka, izibonda kwaye zihlala zitshintsha isakhiwo esiqhelekileyo sethambo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nonyango lomhlaza wethambo luyimfuneko ukuze ulawule imeko ngokufanelekileyo.

Uqheleke kangakanani uMhlaza weBone kunye neentlobo zawo?

Umhlaza wethambo yimeko enqabileyo eyenzeka ngaphantsi kwe-1% yomhlaza. Inokukhula nakweyiphi na iminyaka kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana nakubantu abadala. Umhlaza wethambo uhlelwa kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ngokusekwe apho yenzeka khona kubandakanya nokuba yeyiphi indawo yomzimba ephuhlayo:

I-Osteosarcoma: Olu hlobo lomhlaza lukholisa ukwenzeka emilenzeni, ezingalweni, nakwindawo ezingqonge imilenze. Iyenzeka kakhulu ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala. Unyango olukhoyo kolu hlobo lomhlaza lutyando kunye nechemotherapy.
Ewing Sarcoma: I-Ewing ikwaluhlobo lomhlaza wamathambo ochaphazela abantwana kunye nabaselula. Iqala ukwakha kwiiseli zethambo kwaye iyenzeka rhoqo kwi-pelvis, imilenze kunye namathambo eengalo. Ukunciphisa lo mhlaza iingcali zonyango zikhetha unyango lweradiation, ichemotherapy kunye notyando.
Chondrosarcoma: Olu hlobo lomhlaza wethambo luchaphazela iiseli ze-cartilage, ezijongene nokuguquguquka kwethambo. Ichaphazela kakhulu ulutsha olukhulileyo emilenzeni nasemagxeni abo. Isenokucothisa ukukhula kwethambo. Unyango olusetyenziswayo ukunyanga lo mhlaza lutyando.
Umhlaza weChordoma: Olu hlobo lomhlaza wethambo olunqabileyo lwenzeka kumqolo okanye emazantsi okakayi. Kwenzeka ngaxeshanye kwaye kubangela intlungu enganyamezelekiyo. Unyango ikakhulu lubandakanya utyando kunye nonyango ngemitha.
I-Fibrosarcoma: Iqala ukukhula kwizicubu ze-fibrous zethambo kwaye inokuchaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Unyango lwalo mhlaza yichemotherapy, utyando, kunye namachiza.

Iimbangela zoMhlaza weBone kuMntu ngamnye

Izizathu zokuphuhlisa umhlaza wethambo akwaziwa ngokuchanekileyo, kodwa njengoko inani lemiba yokuzalwa kunye nokusingqongileyo kunokwenzeka ukuba kubandakanyeke kwisehlo somhlaza wamathambo. Izinto ezithile ezinxulumene nomngcipheko owongeziweyo zinokubandakanya:

Ukuvezwa kwiidosi eziphezulu zeRadiation: Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwidosi ephezulu yemitha kunokunyusa kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza wethambo, kubandakanya i-leukemia kunye ne-osteosarcoma.
I-Herited Genetic Syndrome: Ezinye iimeko zofuzo ezingaqhelekanga, umzekelo, uhlobo loku-1 lwe-Neurofibromatosis lunokwandisa amathuba okuba kwenzeke umhlaza wethambo.
Isifo sikaPaget: Isifo esinqabileyo kakhulu esaziwa ngokuba yiPaget sikwadibaniswa nethambo kwaye sesinye sezizathu zokuphuhlisa umhlaza wethambo kwizigulane.
Ukwenzakala Okumandundu okudlulileyo: Amaxesha amaninzi amanxeba angaphambili ethambo nawo anokuba ngunobangela womhlaza wamathambo, ayenzeka ngaxeshanye emzimbeni ukuba umonzakalo awukhathalelwanga ngokufanelekileyo.
Age: Zimbalwa iimeko zomhlaza wamathambo, njenge-osteosarcoma zinxulumene nobudala obuxhaphakileyo ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala.

Iimpawu zeBone Cancer

Nazi ezinye iimpawu okanye iimpawu ezilumkisayo zomhlaza wamathambo:

Ukwaphuka rhoqo: Ukujongana ngokuqhubekayo nemiba enxulumene namathambo kunye nokuqhekeka ziimpawu ezothusayo ezinokubangela umhlaza. Ukuba uye wafumana ukuphuka kaninzi kwixesha elide, inokuba yenye yeempawu zomhlaza wethambo.
Iintlungu kwithambo elithile lomzimba: Ukufumana intlungu enganyamezelekiyo ngexesha lomsebenzi womzimba okanye ebusuku kunokuba luphawu lomhlaza wethambo, ekuqaleni lunokuba luncinci kwaye lunokuba lubi ngakumbi ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ukudumba kwindawo echaphazelekayo: Ukuvuvukala kwindawo echaphazelekayo yethambo kunokuba ngumqondiso. Ungaziva kwakhona iqhuma okanye iqhuma ethanjeni, elinokuba buhlungu ngelixa ulibamba.
Ukwehla kobunzima ngesiquphe: Ukunciphisa ubunzima ngaphandle kokuba namayeza okunciphisa umzimba kunye nokwenza umthambo luphawu olusisiseko lomhlaza wethambo.
Ukukhathala: Ukuba umntu uziva ediniwe ixesha elide ngaphandle kwalo naliphi na ixesha lonyaka kwaye amaxesha amaninzi uya isiqaqa ngoko oku kunokuba luphawu lomhlaza wamathambo.

Unyango lomhlaza wethambo kunye neNkqubo

Unyango lomhlaza wethambo ngumsebenzi ohlangeneyo weengcali zonyango ezifana neoncologists yamathambo, i-radiologists, i-pathologists, kunye nezinye iingcali zonyango. Ingcali nganye yezonyango inegalelo ekoyiseni imeko, kuquka amayeza kunye neenkqubo. Lo msebenzi weqela elidibeneyo unyanga ngempumelelo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza nokuba kunjalo unyango lomhlaza wobuchopho or unyango lwebele. Kule nkqubo yonyango, iingcali zonyango ziqala zinciphisa iseli yethumba, zinciphisa iimpawu kunye nokulawula ukuphindaphinda.

Ukhetho olukhoyo lonyango lomhlaza wethambo lubandakanya unyango lwemitha yokunciphisa amathumba kunye nokuphelisa iintlungu. Utyando lokucima iiseli zethumba ezinoxanduva kwimeko. Okokugqibela, amayeza ekujoliswe kuwo abulala iiseli ezingaqhelekanga. Unyango lomhlaza wethambo lunokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezithile emva kokuhlola imeko yesigulana kwaye leliphi inqanaba lomhlaza wethambo ahamba nalo kwaye ujonge ukunyamezelana kunye nokuba sempilweni komguli.

Inkqubo yoNyango lweBone Cancer

Unyango lomhlaza wethambo lufuna utyando, ichemotherapy, kunye nonyango lwemitha yokususa iiseli zomhlaza emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ixhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza wesigulana ukunciphisa ngempumelelo iiseli ekujoliswe kuzo. Unyango lufuna ukuxilongwa okongezelelweyo ukuchonga inqanaba lomhlaza kunye nohlobo lomhlaza.

Ukuxilongwa: Ngokusebenzisa ukuxilongwa kweengcali zifumana imbono yonyango ekufuneka zilufake kwisigulana ngokwemeko. Kule nto benza i-X-rays, i-MRIs, i-CT scans kunye ne-bone scanning ukuchonga izicubu ezichaphazelekayo zethambo.
Uqhaqho ngokutsha: Le nkqubo isetyenziselwa ukususa izicubu zethambo ezinobungozi kwaye kunokuba yimfuneko kwezinye iimeko ukuze ukwazi indawo ye-tumor.
Ukwakhiwa ngokutsha: Ukwakhiwa kwakhona yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yonyango lokubuyisela umsebenzi kunye nokubonakala emva kokuhlinzwa.
Unyango ngamayeza: Chemotherapy isetyenziselwa ukuphelisa iiseli zomhlaza kunye nokunciphisa amathumba.
Unyango ngemitha: Olu nyango lusetyenziswa kwezo meko apho utyando aluyiyo inketho, kwaye lukwasetyenziselwa ukususa iiseli zomhlaza emzimbeni.
Unyango olujolisiweyo: Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lusetyenziswa ekususeni ngokukodwa ezo seli zinoxanduva lokwenzeka komhlaza wamathambo.
Ukubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili: Le nxalenye yonyango iyadingeka ukuze kuhlolwe kwaye kubuyiselwe amandla, ukuhamba, imiphumo emibi, ukuphindaphinda amathuba kunye nokuvavanya impilo-ntle yesigulane.