Umbhobho webhile lolona lungu lodidi lwetyhubhu luyimfuneko kwinkqubo yethu yokwetyisa. Ibandakanya unxibelelwano phakathi kwamalungu amathathu ahlukeneyo, kuquka isibindi, i-gallbladder, kunye namathumbu. Lo mbhobho omncinci ugqithisa inyongo ulwelo ukusuka esibindini ukuya gallbladder. Xa iiseli zingaqhelekanga kumjelo wenyongo, oko kukhokelela kumhlaza wenyongo kwizigulana. Lithumba elinqabileyo nelinobundlobongela, elingenako ukunyangeka lula. Le ngxaki inokukuchaphazela nakweyiphi na iminyaka kwaye ubukhulu becala ivela ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango zonyango lomhlaza we-bile duct, apho utyando lolona khetho lulungileyo kwizigulana. Ukuba olu khetho aluloncedo, ugqirha unokwenza Unyango lwe-chemotherapy okanye unyango lweradiation. Indlela yokufakelwa kwesibindi nayo iyacetyiswa ukunyanga le meko yempilo.

Iintlobo zoMhlaza weBili duct

Le meko yempilo yeentlobo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo. Oku kulandelayo:

I-Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Iyenzeka ikakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zenyongo ngaphakathi kwesibindi. Le ngxaki ayiqhelekanga kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ithathwa njengomhlaza wesibindi kwizigulane.
I-Distal Cholangiocarcinoma: Umhlaza wenyongo udla ngokuvela ngaphandle kwesibindi. Le ngxaki inqabile yaye inokuchaphazela abantu abangama-20 okanye abangama-30 ekhulwini.
I-Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma: Ubukhulu becala yenzeka kwindawo ekhohlo nasekunene yombhobho wenyongo. Le ngxaki ichaphazela abantu abangama-50 okanye abangama-60 ekhulwini, yaye iimpawu zayo ziyafana ne<em>distal cholangiocarcinoma.

Iimpawu zeBile duct Cancer

Iimpawu zale ngxaki yezempilo zezi zilandelayo:

Isihlunu kunye nokuHlanza
Umchamo omnyama
Izitulo ezinombala okhanyayo
Jaundice
Intlungu zesisu
Ukulahleka kwesisindo esingachazwanga
Ukukhathala
Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda
I-gallbladder edibeneyo
I-Pruritus
Ukulahleka kwesondlo

Ukuxilongwa kweBile duct Cancer

Iimvavanyo zokuxilonga le meko yempilo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

I-Endoscopic Ultrasound: An i-endoscopy idityaniswe ne-ultrasound ukubamba imifanekiso esuka kumzila wesisu. Le nkqubo iyafana ne-endoscopy ephezulu kwaye iluncedo kakhulu ekuxilongeni umhlaza wenyongo kwizigulana.
I-Angiography: Ugqirha usebenzisa le nkqubo yokuvavanya ukuvaleka kwi-bile duct kunye nokubonwa kwemithambo yegazi ejikeleze ithumba.
I-Endoscopy yoMzimba: Isixhobo esincinci nesithambileyo, esaziwa ngokuba yi-endoscope, sifakwa kummizo ngomlomo okanye ngomqala. Idityaniswe nekhamera yovavanyo lwesixokelelwano sokugaya ukutya. Ngeli xesha lotyando, isigulana sinokufuna isihloko esine-anesthetic okanye iyeza leentlungu.
I-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography: Ugqirha okhethekileyo ufaka izinto ezichaseneyo kwi-bile duct ngokusebenzisa i-endoscope. Usenokuthatha imifanekiso yeX-reyi ukuqaqambisa izinto ezingaqhelekanga ezinxulumene nako umhlaza. Ngexesha lotyando, uvavanyo lwe-biopsy lusenokwenziwa kwakhona ukuze kuchongwe ithishu yenyongo.
I-Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography: Inaliti encinci idityaniswe kunye nenye ye-bile ducts kunye nezinto ezichaseneyo zifakwe ngesi sixhobo. Emva kokutofa, ugqirha unokuthatha imifanekiso yeX-reyi ukujonga umthi webiliary. Le nkqubo ingcono kune-ERCP kuba iya kuvumela ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-bile duct.
ICholangioscopy: Isixhobo esikhethekileyo se-endoscopic, esaziwa ngokuba, i-cholangioscopy ifakwe ngaphakathi kwi-bile duct, apho ugqirha unokujonga i-tumor ngokulula. Le nkqubo yokuxilonga iya kwenziwa ngexesha lotyando lwe-ERCP.

IiNdlela zokuNyangwa koMhlaza weBili

Umhlaza wombhobho wenyoni unokunyangwa ngeendlela ezininzi. Oku kuquka oku kulandelayo:

Ukuhlinzwa: Kubandakanya ukususwa kwe-bile duct ngokupheleleyo okanye inxalenye. Le ndlela yonyango iyacetyiswa kwakhona kulawulo lombhobho ovaliweyo.
Unyango ngamayeza: Amachiza amayeza anamandla asetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza okanye ukunciphisa amathumba kwizigulana. Banokungeniswa kwi-vein kwaye bahambe kuwo wonke umzimba. Le ndlela yotyando yenziwa phambi kotyando lokufakelwa kwesibindi. Iluncedo kwi-cholangiocarcinoma ephezulu enceda ukuthothisa isifo kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu kunye neempawu zayo.
I-Immunotherapy: Ugqirha usebenzisa ii-checkpoint inhibitors, ezinceda amajoni omzimba ukuba alwe neeseli zomhlaza. Le ndlela yonyango ifaneleka ikakhulu kumhlaza we-bile duct, xa ezinye iindlela zobuchule zingakwazi ukulawula le ngxaki yezempilo.
Unyango ngemitha: Imiqadi yamandla anamandla aphezulu isetyenziselwa ukukhuselwa kweeseli zomhlaza. Ibandakanya umatshini apho imitha ye-radiation ibhekiswa kwithumba. Umboneleli wezempilo usebenzisa amaso amancinane emitha, anokufakwa kwimithambo yegazi. Olu tyando lunceda ukucutha amathumba kwaye lunikeze ukhuseleko kule meko yempilo.
Umsele weBiliary: Ityhubhu ebhityileyo ifakwa kumbhobho wenyongo ukukhupha ulwelo lwenyongo olungenampilo. Oku kunceda ukukhulula umqobo kulo mjelo kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu ezifana ne-jaundice, ukurhawuzelelwa, kunye nezinye ezininzi.