Gomarara remushure rinoitika panotangira gumbo redumbu, iro rinonzi anus, kubva panopfuudzwa chituru. Haisi rudzi rwegomarara rinowanzoitika, uye rinokura parukuvhute rwemugero wekumashure. Inonyanya kuenderana nehutachiona hweHPV nezvimwe zvinhu. Kuoma kwayo kunoenderana nenzvimbo, saizi, uye nhanho. Zvinoonekwa kuti rudzi urwu rwegomarara rusingajairike rwunobata munhu mumwe chete mumazana mashanu, uye vari kutsvaga kurapwa kwakanyanya. Mushure mekuongorora gomarara rekumashure uye danho rayo saka zvakakosha kuti usarudze nzira yakanaka uye inoshanda kenza kurapwa Zvisarudzo.

Matanho eAn Cancer

Pane matanho akasiyana-siyana egomarara iri, anotaurwa pazasi:

Stage 0: Ndiyo precancerous stage inoratidza kuvapo kweabnormal cells. Masero aya haana kupararira kune mamwe matishu, asi anogona kuita gomarara mune ramangwana.
Stage 1: Mhando idzi idiki kwazvo uye dzinoramba dziri munzvimbo yakati kwadzinotangira.
Danho 2 & Danho 3: Panguva iyi, gomarara rinotanga kupararira kumatishu ari pedyo.
Stage 4: Iyo metastatic nhanho umo inopararira kunzvimbo dzakawanda dzemuviri. Haigoni kurapwa nyore nyore.

Zviratidzo zveAnal Cancer

Kazhinji kazhinji haina kana zviratidzo, uye kana ikadaro izvi zvinogona kusiyana kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu:

Kubuda mumashure
Marwadzo akapoteredza anus
Kubuda ropa kwakanyanya
Lymph nodes yenzvimbo yekumashure inozvimba
Shanduko muhuturu hutsika, sekuwanda uye kuenderana kwepoop.
Bundu rehuwandu rinoonekwa pakuvhurwa kwenzvimbo yekumashure.
Kunzwa kunoda kuputika kakawanda.

Zvinokonzera Anal Cancer

Chikonzero chaicho chekukonzera gomarara rekumashure hazvisati zvazivikanwa. Nekudaro, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinogona kutungamira kune rudzi urwu rwedambudziko rekurapa. Izvi zvinotevera:

Utachiona hunokonzerwa nehutachiona hunonzi human papillomavirus kuburikidza nekuita zvepabonde nevadiwa vakawanda.
Vanhu vane makore anopfuura 60
Weak immune system
Kuita bonde nekumashure kunobuda nako tsvina
Munhu anosvuta zvakanyanyisa angava nerudzi rwakadaro rwegomarara.
Iva nezvimwe mhando dzekenza, se kenza yemukadzi uye chirwere chemuviri wechibereko.

Kuongororwa kweAnal Cancer

Mushure mekuona zviratidzo zvayo, chiremba wako anomhanyisa mamwe maedzo ekuona gomarara rekumashure. Kune mamwe endoscopic bvunzo anoitwa uye anopiwa pazasi:

Proctoscopy: Chimbo chitete chine chiedza uye lens chinoshandiswa kuona anus uye rectum. Zvadaro uchishandisa proctoscope, matishu inobviswa semuenzaniso kutarisa chiratidzo chegomarara.
Digital Rectal Examination: Inosanganisira kuongorora rectum uye anus. Zvinoitwa nachiremba nekuisa lubricant pamunwe. Inobva yapinzwa kuti inzwe mapundu.
Biopsy: Kutarisa chiratidzo chegomarara, chidimbu chidiki chetishu chinobviswa. Zvino inotariswa nachiremba wezvirwere kuti aone chero chiratidzo chegomarara.
Anoscopy: Kuti uone chero kukanganisa mu anus, chubhu pfupi inopinzwa kuti iongororwe.
Endorectal Ultrasound: Kuongorora kunoiswa mukati me anus kuona mufananidzo wenhengo nekushandisa Ultrasound.

Kana gomarara rekumashure richinge raonekwa panobva pawanikwa mamwe maedzo ekuona kuti ndedzipi nhengo dzemuviri dzinopararira.

X-ray yechipfuva
CAT scan
Kuongororwa kwepelvic
MRI
PET scan

Yese bvunzo idzi dzinoitwa kuona danho rechirwere. Kana yapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, inobva yanzi staging.

Options for Anal Cancer Treatment

Mukana wekupora uye kurapwa unoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana:

Danho regomarara
Nzvimbo yebundu mu anus
Kubatwa neHIV
Dzokorora mushure mekutanga kurapwa

Mhando dzeMarapirwo

Pane nzira dzakasiyana dzekurapa cancer yekumashure, uye idzi dzinotaurwa pazasi:

Kurapwa

Kurapwa inoshandiswa kuuraya uye kumisa kukura kwemasero ane kenza. Chemo mishonga inotorwa nemuromo kana inogona kunge iri kuburikidza nejekiseni. Saka mushonga unogona kusvika kumasero ane gomarara kuburikidza neropa.

immunotherapy

Yakasimba immune system yakakosha kurwisa cancer yekumashure. Chiremba acharaira mishonga yeimmunotherapy. Ipapo biomarker bvunzo dzinoitwa kufanotaura mhinduro yemishonga iyi.

Radiation Therapy

A high-energy radiation inoshandiswa kuparadza masero egomarara kuti asakura. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemwaranzi dzinoshandiswa kunanga nzvimbo yemuviri.

Surgery

Kana marapirwo ataurwa pamusoro apa haashande mukurapa cancer uye inodzoka ipapo kuvhiya kunokurudzirwa. Inoitwa nenzira mbiri:

Kana gomarara risina kupararira uye riri diki ipapo bundu racho rinobviswa pamwe chete nemanyama ane hutano kubva ku anus. Inoitwa nenzira yemunharaunda resection.
Pane imwe nzira yekuvhiya umo kucheka kuduku kunoitwa mudumbu. Ipapo iyo rectum, anus uye sigmoid colon inochekwa uye mushure mekuita, kuvhurwa kweura kunosona. Tsvina yemuviri inounganidzwa mubhegi rinoraswa.