M'masiku ano, khansara ya chiberekero ndi limodzi mwa matenda akuluakulu omwe amaika moyo pachiswe omwe anthu ambiri sadziwa. Khansa ya pachibelekero ndi chotupa choipa chomwe chimakula m'maselo a pachibelekero. Ndi gawo la pansi la chibelekero, lomwe limalumikiza chiberekero ku nyini. Pali zizindikiro zina zomwe munthu angadziwe ngati ali ndi khansa ya pachibelekero kapena ayi. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za khansa ya pachibelekero ndi kutuluka magazi m'mimba, ndi zina zotero. Mu blog iyi, tikambirana za zizindikiro zoyambirira za khansa ya pachibelekero ndi zina zambiri. Choncho khalani tcheru, mpaka kumapeto.
Kodi Cervical Cancer ndi chiyani?
Khansa ya pachibelekero ndi khansa Mmenemo maselo oopsa a khansa amakulira m'chiberekero. Ndi gawo locheperako komanso lopapatiza la chiberekero, lomwe limalumikiza chiberekero ndi nyini. Limayambitsa khansa nthawi zambiri panthawi yogonana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Zimayambitsa kudzera mu matenda opatsirana nthawi zonse ndi kachilombo ka HPV komwe kamayambitsa chiopsezo chachikulu.
Kodi Zizindikiro Zoyambirira za Khansa ya M'chiberekero Ndi Ziti?
Pali zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za khansa ya pachibelekero zomwe munthu angadziwe ngati ali ndi khansa ya pachibelekero kapena ayi ndipo akhoza kukonzekera chithandizo chake moyenerera. Zizindikiro za khansa ya pachibelekero zimawonekera makamaka m'magawo. Pali magawo osiyanasiyana, monga:
Gawo 1: Zizindikiro Zoyambirira
Ndi gawo loyamba kapena gawo lomwe zizindikiro za khansa ya pachibelekero zimakhala zochepa. Mu gawoli, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti atsimikizire ngati muli ndi khansa ya pachibelekero kapena ayi. Zizindikiro zina mu gawoli ndi izi:
Kutuluka Magazi Kumaliseche Kwachilendo
Kutuluka magazi m'mimba mwa munthu wosadziwa bwino ntchito ndi vuto lomwe limachitika pambuyo pa nthawi ya msambo. Vutoli limachitika panthawi yogonana, kusamba, komanso nthawi zina pokodza. Izi zimachitika chifukwa maselo a khansa oyambirira amawononga mitsempha ya magazi ya m'chiberekero ndipo nthawi zina amakwiyitsa nyini.
Kutuluka Kumaliseche Kwachilendo
Kutuluka kwachilendo kwa nyini ndi madzi oyera kapena oyera omwe amatuluka kudzera mu nyini. Kumaphatikizapo kusintha kwa mtundu, fungo loipa, kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake. Kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana pogonana komanso kusintha kwa mahomoni.
Ululu Panthawi Yogonana
Imadziwikanso kuti dyspareunia ndipo ndi ululu wamba komanso wofala pakati pa kugonana kapena pambuyo pa kugonana, mungamve kupweteka kunja ndi mkati mwa nyini yanu. Mutha kumva kupweteka koopsa kwambiri mukalowa mkati mwa nyini kapena matenda.
Kusasangalala ndi m'chiuno
Kusamva bwino m'chiuno ndi ululu womwe umamva m'munsi mwa mimba ndi pakati pa chiuno ndipo umayamba chifukwa cha kukula koyambirira kwa chotupa. Kungakhale kupweteka pang'ono kapena kwakukulu ndipo kungachokere ku ziwalo zoberekera kapena mkodzo. Kungathe kuchiritsidwa kudzera mu mankhwala komanso opaleshoni.
Gawo 2: Gawo Lapakati
Pa gawo ili, khansa imafalikira kupitirira chiberekero ndipo muyenera kufunsa dokotala mwamsanga. Zizindikiro zina za msinkhu wopita patsogolo ndi izi:
Ululu Wosalekeza wa M'chiuno Kapena Kumbuyo
Pa siteji iyi, chotupacho chimafalikira pa mitsempha, minofu ndi ziwalo za m'chiuno. Chimayambitsa kupweteka kosalekeza komanso kwakukulu m'chiuno ndi pansi pa msana.
Kutaya Msambo Kwambiri
Zimakhudza nthawi yayitali komanso yosasinthasintha ya msambo chifukwa khansa ya pachibelekero imasokoneza nthawi ya msambo komanso ntchito yabwinobwino ya chiberekero.
Ululu Panthawi Yokodza
Pa nthawi yapakati ya khansa ya pachibelekero, mumamva kupweteka mukamakodza chifukwa khansayo imakankhira chikhodzodzo ndi mkodzo zomwe zimayambitsa kutentha ndi kupweteka mu nyini.
Ululu Panthawi Yoyenda M'mimba
Ndi zizindikiro zomwe zingawonekere khansa ikafika pachimake. Imadziwika kuti dyschezia pomwe chotupacho chimakula kupitirira chiberekero ndi ziwalo zapafupi za chiuno. Chotupacho chimakhudza mitsempha ya chiuno mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina ndipo chimayambitsa kupweteka panthawi yopuma.
Gawo 3: Gawo Lalikulu
Pa gawo lapamwamba la khansa ya pachibelekero, chotupacho chimafika ku ziwalo zina monga chiwindi, impso, ndi zina zotero. Zizindikiro zina pa gawoli ndi izi:
Ululu Waukulu wa M'chiuno ndi M'mimba
Khansa ikafika pachimake, matendawa amafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi ndipo amachititsa kupweteka kwambiri m'chiuno ndi m'mimba. Ululuwu umachitika chifukwa mitsempha ndi ziwalo zimalowetsedwa ndi maselo a khansa.
Kuonda Mwadzidzidzi
Pamene chotupacho chikukula ndikukhudza ziwalo zina za thupi, chimakhudza kagayidwe kachakudya ndi chilakolako cha thupi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lichepe msanga komanso mwadzidzidzi.
Kutupa kwa Miyendo
Kutupa kwa miyendo kumadziwikanso kuti lymphedema pomwe mitsempha ya lymph imatsekedwa ndikupangitsa kuti madzi azisonkhana m'miyendo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti miyendo itukuke ndipo mungamve kuti mwendo wanu ndi wolemera kuposa kale.
Ululu Wamafupa
Pamene chotupacho chikukulirakulira chimawononga ziwalo zina za thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti fupa likhale lofooka. Zimabweretsa ululu m'fupa makamaka m'chiuno, miyendo ndi msana.
Mavuto a Impso
Pa nthawi ya khansa, njira zotulutsira madzi m'thupi zimasokonekera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mkodzo utsekeke ndipo zimayambitsa mavuto ambiri a impso monga kuchepa kwa mkodzo, kutopa kwambiri, ndi zina zotero.
Kuvuta Kupuma
Pakapita nthawi, chotupacho chimafalikira mpaka m'mapapo ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamapume bwino komanso kuti asakhale ndi chifuwa chokhazikika. Madzi amasonkhana m'mapapo ndipo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma. Mutha kutsokomola nthawi zonse komanso kupweteka pachifuwa.
Kodi Mungadziwe Bwanji Zizindikiro Zoyambirira za Khansa ya Pakhosi?
Kuzindikira khansa ya pachibelekero ndi njira yosiyana siyana yomwe imaphatikizapo kuyezetsa, kuyezetsa, ndi zina zotero. Njira zodziwira matendawa ndi izi:
Kukayikira Zachipatala
Matendawa amayamba makamaka akazi akamaonetsa zizindikiro monga:
- Ululu wosadziwika bwino wa m'mimba
- Kununkhira konyansa
- Kutulutsa kumaliseche
- Kupweteka kwa majeremusi
Nthawi zina zizindikiro za khansa ya pachibelekero sizimaoneka ndipo zimatha kuzindikirika powunika matenda nthawi zonse.
Kuyeza Mayeso
Iyi ndi sitepe yoyamba yodziwira khansa ya pachibelekero. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Pap Smear: Imadziwikanso kuti mayeso a Papanicolaou pomwe imazindikira maselo a khansa omwe analipo kale pa chiberekero. Imawonetsa zotsatira zosazolowereka monga ASCUS, HSIL, ndi zina zotero. Sizitsimikizira khansa ndipo zimasonyeza kuyezetsa kwina.
- Mayeso a HPV DNA: Kuyeza kumeneku kumafunika kuti tidziwe kachilombo ka HPV komwe kali pachiwopsezo chachikulu, monga HPV-16 ndi HPV-18. Kumachitika limodzi ndi mayeso a Pap Smear.
Colposcopy
Izi zimachitika pamene mayeso a Pap Smear ndi HPV sali bwino. Mu colposcope yoyesera iyi, chida chokulitsa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza khomo lachiberekero ndipo chimathandiza kuzindikira malo enieni oti biopsy ichitike.
Chiberekero cha Chiberekero
Mu njira imeneyi, minofu imachotsedwa pa khomo lachiberekero. Mu mayeso awa, madokotala amatenga tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta minofu kuchokera pa khomo lachiberekero kuti akaone maselo omwe angayambitse khansa komanso omwe angayambitse khansa.
Mayeso Ojambula
Mayeso ojambulira zithunzi akuphatikizapo CT scan, MRI, ndi zina zotero.
- MRI Pelvis: Kuyeza kwa pelvis MRI ndi njira yoyesera momwe makina okhala ndi maginito amphamvu ndi mafunde a wailesi amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chithunzi cha malo omwe ali pakati pa mafupa a m'chiuno. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira kukula kwa chotupacho.
- CT Jambulani: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira ngati ma lymph nodes akhudzidwa ndi khansa kapena ayi. Amaphatikizapo kusanthula mapapo ndi chiwindi.
Kodi njira zochizira zizindikiro zoyambirira za khansa ya pachibelekero ndi ziti?
Mankhwala ochizira zizindikiro zoyambirira za khansa ya pachibelekero amadalira magawo a khansa. Amaphatikizapo opaleshoni, chithandizo, ndi zina zotero. Ena mwa mankhwala ndi awa:
Mankhwala Ochokera pa Gawo
Pankhaniyi, mankhwala ndi chithandizocho zimadalira momwe odwala alili komanso momwe khansa ikukulira. Zina mwa njira zochiritsira zomwe zimadalira magawo ake ndi izi:
Gawo 1
Pa khansa ya siteji yoyamba, chithandizo chimayang'ana kwambiri pa opaleshoni, monga cone biopsy, hysterectomy kuti asunge chonde, komanso kuti alandire chithandizo cha radiation kupha maselo a khansa.
Gawo 2
Mu gawo lachiwiri la khansa ya pachibelekero, chithandizochi chimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zophatikizana. mankhwala amphamvu & chithandizo cha radiation ndi brachytherapy kuti muchotse ma lymph nodes ndikupha maselo a khansa.
Gawo 3
Pa gawo lachitatu la khansa ya pachibelekero, chithandizochi chimayang'ana kwambiri kuphatikiza mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a radiation amkati ndi akunja kuti achepetse ndikuletsa kufalikira kwa chotupacho ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Muzochitika zoopsa kwambiri, nthawi zina chithandizo cha immunotherapy chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti chilepheretse kufalikira kwa maselo a khansa m'malo ena a thupi.
Gawo 4
Mu gawo ili la khansa ya pachibelekero, chithandizochi chimayang'ana kwambiri pakulamulira kukula ndi kusamalira zizindikiro za khansa ya pachibelekero. Mankhwala omwe ali mu gawoli ndi chemotherapy yophatikizidwa ndi chithandizo cha radiation chakunja ndi chamkati, chithandizo cha immunotherapy ndi chithandizo cholunjika.
Kodi zoopsa za khansa ya pachibelekero ndi ziti pambuyo pa chithandizo?
Matenda aliwonse ali ndi mankhwala ake ndipo mankhwala ake amabwera ndi zoopsa zina. Palinso zoopsa zina zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi chithandizo cha khansa ya pachibelekero:
Kusintha kwa Nthawi ya Msambo
Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa ya pachibelekero monga chemotherapy kapena radiation therapy, amatha kukhudza mazira ndikuchepetsa nthawi ya msambo. Nthawi zina msambo umatha kwa miyezi ingapo ndikupangitsa kuti munthu asamachedwe kusamba.
Kusintha kwa Chikhodzodzo ndi Matumbo
Chithandizo cha radiation chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya pachibelekero chimakhudza mitsempha ndi minofu yomwe imalamulira chikhodzodzo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu azikodza pafupipafupi, kutuluka madzi kapena kukodza uku akuseka kapena akutsokomola.
Ululu Wam'mimba
Pambuyo pa chithandizo, kupweteka kwa m'chiuno kumakhala kofala kwa anthu omwe anali kudwala khansa ya m'chiberekero. Nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa thupi. Pali zifukwa zina monga chithandizo cha radiation chomwe chimayambitsa kuuma ndi kuyabwa m'minofu ya m'chiuno.
Kubereka ndi Kuopsa kwa Mimba
Mankhwala a khansa ya pachibelekero angakhudze kubereka ndi mimba kutengera mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Opaleshoni ndi chemotherapy zitha kuletsa kutenga mimba chifukwa chithandizo kapena opaleshoni ingakhudze chiberekero ndi mazira.
Ubwino wa Khansa ya Pakhosi Pambuyo pa Chithandizo
Ubwino wa khansa ya pachibelekero pambuyo pa chithandizo monga kulimbitsa moyo, kuwongolera khansa, ndi zina zotero. Zochepa mwa izo zalembedwa pansipa.
- Kulamulira Khansa: Khansa singathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu koma imatha kulamulidwa kudzera mu mankhwala othandiza komanso mankhwala. Mothandizidwa ndi opaleshoni, chemotherapy kapena radiation therapy, zoopsa za khansa ya pachibelekero ndizochepa.
- Chiyembekezo cha Moyo Wabwino: Zizindikiro zoyambirira za khansa ya pachibelekero zimakhala ndi chipambano chachikulu ndipo mothandizidwa ndi chithandizo chogwira mtima komanso chokhazikika komanso mankhwala, mwayi wopulumuka nthawi yayitali umawonjezeka.
- Limbikitsani Ubwino wa Moyo: Mothandizidwa ndi chithandizo monga chemotherapy ndi radiation therapy, anthu ambiri amabwerera ku moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku mosavuta ndipo amakhala moyo wawo molimba mtima komanso mosangalala kuposa kale.
- Kuteteza Kubala: Poyamba khansa ya pachibelekero, akazi ambiri amatha kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza mimba pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa mwayi wobereka.
Kutsiliza
Khansa ya pachibelekero ndi imodzi mwa matenda akuluakulu komanso ofala masiku ano. Imachitika nthawi yogonana pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi. Khansa iyi imapereka zizindikiro zoyambirira monga kutuluka magazi m'mimba, ndi zina zotero ndipo imatha kuchiritsidwa ikangoyamba kumene. Mu blog iyi, takambirana mfundo zonse zofunika za zizindikiro zoyambirira za khansa ya pachibelekero zomwe zingathandize munthu kumvetsetsa zonse zokhudza khansa ya pachibelekero.
