Chithandizo cha Khansa ya Chithokomiro

Khansara ya chithokomiro ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri. Pakakhala kukula kwa maselo ambiri a chithokomiro ndikukhala ndi chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa, ndiye kuti kusinthaku kumatchedwa khansa ya chithokomiro. Zimayamba kukula maselo a chithokomiro omwe amazungulira mpweya wa m'khosi. Gland iyi imatulutsa mahomoni omwe amathandiza kuyendetsa kagayidwe kachakudya ndi ntchito za thupi, monga kukula, kutentha kwa thupi, kuthamanga kwa magazi etc. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, zikuwonetsa kuti anthu oposa 5 lac akukumana ndi matendawa padziko lonse lapansi. Chiwerengero cha odwala achikazi ndi ambiri kuposa amuna. Akapezeka ndi matenda oopsa ngati amenewa, odwala amafufuza njira zabwino kwambiri zachipatala zochizira khansa ya chithokomiro. Ndi zipatala zapamwamba, ndizotheka kuchiza mitundu yotere ya khansa, ndipo njira zonse zabwino kwambiri zothandizira khansa ya chithokomiro zidzafotokozedwa pansipa.

Mitundu ya Khansa ya Chithokomiro

Amagawidwa m'mitundu inayi pamaziko a ma cell a khansa, ndipo awa ndi awa:

• Khansa ya Papillary: Ndi mtundu wamba ndipo umakhudza ma lymph nodes pakhosi. Khansara yamtunduwu imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala.
• Khansa ya Follicular: Khansara imeneyi imafalikira ku ziwalo zina za mafupa ndi ziwalo, monga mapapo. Ndi khansa ya metastatic, kotero chithandizo chake sichiri chophweka.
• Medullary Cancer: Kusintha kwa jini kapena DNA mndandanda ndi mbiri ya banja lomwe lili ndi matenda omwewo angakhale chifukwa cha izi mtundu wa khansa.
• Khansa ya Anaplastic: Ndizovuta kuchiza chifukwa chimafalikira mofulumira ku ziwalo zina za thupi.

Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro za Khansa ya Chithokomiro

Khansara ya chithokomiro imakhala ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe zimawonekera pansi pa khosi ngati zotupa zopanda ululu. Komabe, zizindikiro zoyambirira za khansa ya chithokomiro zitha kuwoneka motere:

• Zovuta kumeza
• Chikhure
• Kutupa khosi chifukwa cha chotupa
• Kumva khutu
• Kusintha kwa mawu chifukwa cha kukwapula pakhosi (kupsa mtima)
• Kuchepetsa chilako
• Kumva kutopa
• Kuvutika kupuma
• Chifuwa chachikulu

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Khansa ya Chithokomiro

Chomwe chimayambitsa khansa ya chithokomiro sichidziwika bwino, komabe, apa pali zinthu zina zomwe zingayambitse.

• Kuperewera kwa ayodini
• Gender factor ngati akazi ndi omwe amakonda kwambiri kuposa amuna
• Kuwonekera kwa radiation
• onenepa
• Anthu azaka zapakati pa 25 mpaka 65 ali ndi mwayi wokulitsa
• Mbiri ya banja la matenda okhudzana ndi chithokomiro
• Kusintha kwa chibadwa kungayambitse kusintha kwa majini abwino

Njira Zochizira Khansa ya Chithokomiro

Pali njira zina zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa musanayambe chithandizo cha khansa ya chithokomiro. Izi zatchulidwa pansipa:

Matenda & Mayeso

Matendawa ayenera kudziwika asanayambe chithandizo, kotero dokotala akhoza kuyesa zotsatirazi:

• Mayeso oyerekeza ngati PET ndi CT scan
• Kuyezetsa magazi
• Chimake
• Kufufuza mwakuthupi
• MRI
• Endoscopy ya pakhosi
• Kuyesa ntchito ya chithokomiro kapena Kutenga Iodine ya Radioactive
• ultrasound

Miyendo

Gawo lake limafotokoza momwe ikufalikira komanso kukula kwake. Dongosolo la TNM limagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza gawo la khansa ya chithokomiro.

• T (Chotupa): Imafotokoza kukula ndi malo enieni a chotupacho.
• N (Node): Imafotokoza ngati ma lymph nodes akhudzidwa kapena ayi ndi khansa iyi.
• M (Metastasis): Ndi gawo la metastatic pomwe khansa imafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi.

Njira Zochizira Khansa ya Chithokomiro

Pamaziko a mtundu wake ndi gawo la khansara, chithandizo chikhoza kuyambika. Katswiri wa zachipatala adzapereka ndondomeko yothandizira yolimbana ndi khansa ya chithokomiro. Pali njira zina zochizira zotupa za chithokomiro zomwe ndi izi:

• Opaleshoni: Ndilo mankhwala oyamba kuchotsa lobe amatchedwa lobectomy ndipo chithokomiro chonse chimachotsedwa chimadziwika kuti thyroidectomy. Opaleshoniyi imachitika chifukwa cha kukula kwake komanso kupezeka kwa maselo osadziwika bwinowa.
• Chemotherapy: Pali mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asiye ndi kupha maselo omwe amafalitsa khansa. Itha kutengedwa kudzera pakamwa kapena mtsempha. Mankhwalawa amakhudza gawo lenileni la maselo otulutsa khansa.
• Chithandizo cha Hormone ya Chithokomiro: Zimathandiza kuchotsa mahomoni omwe angapangitse chiopsezo cha khansa ya chithokomiro.
• Chithandizo cha Radioiodine: Mu mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ayodini wa radioactive ngati yankho kapena piritsi. Chithokomiro chimatenga radioiodine iyi ndipo mwanjira imeneyi mankhwalawa amapha maselo a khansa mu chithokomiro.
• Chithandizo Chachindunji: Pochiza izi, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amazindikiritsa ndi kuwononga maselo a khansa. Pali zoletsa zina zomwe zimalepheretsa ma sign ndi mapuloteni a maselo omwe amayambitsa khansa.
• Chithandizo cha radiation: Ndi mitundu iwiri yomwe kuwala kwakukulu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha maselo otupa. Pochiza ma radiation amkati, chinthu cha radioactive chimayikidwa m'maselo a khansa ya chithokomiro kudzera pa waya kapena catheter.