Mkhalidwe kumene akazi thumba losunga mazira amakhudzidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kukula kwa maselo a khansa otchedwa Ovarian cancer. Ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe imayamba kupangika m'matumbo am'mimba, yomwe ndi njira yoberekera ya mkazi. Ntchito yake ndi kupanga mazira mwezi uliwonse. Khansara ya m'chiberekero m'matumbo a amayi nthawi zambiri imakhala yosazindikirika mpaka itayamba kufalikira ku chiuno ndi pamimba ndikuwonetsa zizindikiro zenizeni. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za khansa ya m'chiberekero ndi monga kupweteka kwam'mimba, kulephera kudya komanso kukodza pafupipafupi komanso matenda amkodzo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa khansa iyi ndi zaka, mbiri ya banja, m`malo mankhwala ndi kusintha kwa ma genetic. Ngakhale, amayi amatha kuchepetsa zoopsa zawo mwa kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, kukonzekera nthawi zonse ndikuphunzira za mbiri ya banja lawo. Kuti azindikire khansa ya ovarian msanga ndikuwonjezera kupulumuka ayenera kudziwa zambiri za zizindikiro zake. Amayi omwe akukhudzidwa ndi uchembele ndi ubereki atha kukambirana nafe. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikukonzekera nthawi yokumana ndipo dokotala wathu waluso wama gynecologic ndi akatswiri azachipatala akupatsani malangizo abwino kwambiri azaumoyo.

Zifukwa za Khansa ya Ovarian

Akatswiri azachipatala amati ngakhale chomwe chimayambitsa khansa ya ovary sichikudziwikabe pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimathandizira kukula kwake.

1. Kusintha kwa Ma Genetic: Pamene masinthidwe obadwa nawo monga omwe ali mu majini a BRCA1 ndi BRCA2 amapezeka chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere chimawonjezeka kwambiri. Ngati mayi ali ndi mbiri ya banja lake la khansa ya m'mawere kapena yamchiberekero mwayi wake wopeza matendawa umawonjezeka.

2. Zaka: Amayi azaka zopitilira 50 amakhala ndi mwayi wotenga khansa ya m'chiberekero makamaka akasiya kusamba. Kukula kumakweza chiopsezo makamaka kwa amayi omwe ali ndi zaka za m'ma 60 ndi 70.

3. Mbiri ya Ubereki: Chiwopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere chikhoza kuwonjezeka mwa amayi omwe sanaberekepo kapena omwe adakumanapo ndi kusabereka. Kumwa mapiritsi olerera kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kutenga pakati kangapo kungachepetse chiopsezo.

4. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa mahomoni kwa nthawi yayitali makamaka estrogen-only therapy kungapangitse chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'chiberekero malinga ndi kafukufuku wina makamaka kwa amayi omwe asiya kusamba.

5. Mbiri ya Banja ndi Genetics: Chiwopsezochi ndi chachikulu kwa amayi omwe ali ndi mbiri yakubanja la khansa ya m'mawere kapena khansa ya m'mawere. Chiwopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere chimawonjezekanso ndi ma genetic syndromes monga Lynch syndrome.

6. Endometriosis: Azimayi omwe ali ndi endometriosis, matenda omwe minofu yofanana ndi chiberekero imamera kunja kwa chiberekero, amatha kukhala ndi khansa ya m'chiberekero makamaka khansa ya endometrioid.

zizindikiro

Zotsatirazi ndi zizindikiro za khansa ya ovarian:

Ululu wa m'chiuno kapena m'mimba
Kusapeza bwino ndi kutupa kwambiri
Kutaya njala
Kutuluka magazi kwachilendo
Kutulutsa kumaliseche
kutsekula
kudzimbidwa
Kutupa mozungulira pamimba
Kuthamanga mobwerezabwereza

Magawo a Khansa ya Ovarian

Khansara ya ovarian imagawidwa m'magawo anayi omwe amaperekedwa mwachidule pansipa:

Gawo I: Pali magawo atatu mkati mwa gawoli: Gawo IA Gawo IB ndi Gawo IC. Apa dzira limodzi lokha kapena chubu la fallopian linali ndi khansa m'gawo loyamba. Khansara m'machubu kapena mazira onsewa amapezeka mu gawo IB. Stage IC ndi mawu otanthauza khansa yomwe imayamba m'thumba la mazira kapena mazira ndipo imapezeka kunja kwa ovary.

Gawo II: Pali magawo enanso angapo omwe amapanga Gawo II. Pa Stage IIA khansa yafika ku chiberekero chanu ndi dzira lanunso. Khansara ikafika pa Gawo IIB imafalikira ku ziwalo zina za m'chiuno chapafupi. .

Gawo Lachitatu: Pali magawo atatu mkati mwa gawoli. Khansara ikakhala mu Gawo la IIIA imafalikira pang'onopang'ono mpaka pamimba kapena m'mitsempha. Chotupacho ndi kukula kwa 2 centimita ndipo chafalikira kunja kwa chiuno kapena mkati mwa ma lymph nodes mu gawo lachiwiri (Stage IIIB). Mu Gawo IIIC khansa yafalikira kunja kwa chiuno chanu ndipo ndi yayikulu kuposa ma centimita awiri ngakhale ikhoza kukhala mkati mwa ma lymph nodes anu. Zitha kukhudzanso ziwalo zina monga ndulu ndi chiwindi.

Gawo IV: Ndilo gawo lapamwamba kwambiri la khansa. Panthawiyi khansa yakula mpaka mkati mwa ziwalo monga ndulu ndi chiwindi. Mu Stage IVB khansa yafalikira pachifuwa kapena ma lymph nodes pomwe mu Stage IVA imathanso kupezeka pafupi ndi mapapo.

Matenda

Akatswiri akhala akufufuza khansa ya m'mawere kwa zaka zambiri koma sanapangebe kuyesa kodalirika. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kuwazindikira akamayambilira. Dokotala wanu adzayesa mayeso a pelvic ndikufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ngati akukayikira khansa ya ovarian. Adzamuyeza wodwalayo ngati ali ndi ziwalo zilizonse zomwe zakula kapena zokulirapo.

1. Mayeso ojambulira

Othandizira atha kupangira mayeso angapo ojambulira, kuphatikiza:

Ultrasound ya m'chiuno.
MRI
CT scan
PET kuyesa

2. Magazi a Khansa ya Ovarian

CA-125 ndi mankhwala omwe amafufuzidwa poyesa magazi. Magazi okwera a CA-125 angasonyeze khansa. Kumbali ina, milingo ya CA-125 imatha kukwezedwa m'malo ambiri omwe si a khansa ndipo amakhalabe abwinobwino ngakhale atakhala ndi khansa. Chifukwa chake pozindikira khansa ya ovarian akatswiri azachipatala amaphatikiza kuyezetsa magazi ndi njira zina

3. Kuunika kwa opaleshoni

Pamene akuchita opaleshoni akatswiri azachipatala amatha kuzindikira khansa ya m'mimba. Njira yomweyi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa zophuka zilizonse zomwe zapezeka.

4. Laparoscopy

Laparoscope ndi kamera yopyapyala yomwe imalowetsedwa kudzera m'mimba yaying'ono panthawi ya opaleshoni ya laparoscopic. Dokotala amatha kuwunika khansa, kupanga ma biopsies ndipo nthawi zina amachotsa zotupa zam'mimba pogwiritsa ntchito kalozera ndi madoko owonjezera kuti agwire zida.

Chithandizo cha Khansa ya Ovarian

Njira zochizira khansa ya m'chiberekero zimatengera mtundu wake, siteji yake, komanso momwe wodwalayo alili, komabe, chithandizo chokhazikika cha matenda ndi:

Opaleshoni: Wodwala akapezeka ndi khansa ya m'chiberekero, chithandizo choyambirira ndi opaleshoni. Nthawi zambiri ndi njira yoyamba yothandizira matendawa. Ntchito yayikulu ya oncologist panthawi ya opaleshoni ndikuchepetsa chotupacho pamodzi ndi minofu yambiri yozungulira yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi ma cell a khansa. Kuchotsa chiberekero ndi kuchotsa machubu ndi mazira nthawi zambiri kumalimbikitsidwa pamene khansa yakula.
Chemotherapy: Pambuyo pa opaleshoni chemotherapy nthawi zambiri imachitidwa kuti athetse maselo a khansa omwe angakhalepo pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Ngakhale, mankhwala omwe amayang'ana maselo omwe amagawanika mofulumira, khalidwe la khansa, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochita izi.
Chithandizo Chachindunji: Zochizira zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ngati Bevacizumab (Avastin) amapangidwa kuti azitsatira mamolekyu omwe amathandizira kupanga ma cell a khansa. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zochepa kuposa chemotherapy wamba.
Immunotherapy: Pofuna kuthana ndi khansa, chithandizo chapamwambachi chimalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi polimbana ndi khansa. Matenda ena a khansa ya m'mawere, makamaka omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini monga kusintha kwa BRCA awonetsedwa kuti amayankha bwino mankhwala monga pembrolizumab (Keytruda).
Chithandizo cha Mahomoni: Thandizo la mahomoni lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuletsa mitundu ina ya khansa ya m’chiberekero kuti isagwiritse ntchito mahomoni kuti akule, makamaka amene samva estrogen.
Chithandizo cha radiation: Thandizo la radiation siligwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pa khansa ya m'mawere koma nthawi zina lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa kukula kwa chotupa kapena kuchepetsa zizindikiro za khansa yapamwamba.