Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere

Khansara ya m'mawere ndi mtundu wa matenda omwe amakhudza amayi ambiri padziko lapansi. Vuto lofalali ndilomwe limayambitsa kuwononga maselo a m'mawere m'thupi lathu. Ngati anthu akufuna kuchepetsa vutoli, ayenera kuonana ndi madokotala, maopaleshoni, kapena anamwino. Gulu lachipatala likulongosola chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere mu malo ofufuza zachipatala. 

Khansara ya m'mawere ndi matenda omwe amapezeka mu minofu ya m'mawere. Ndi khansa yachiwiri yofala kwambiri, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhudza amayi. Vutoli limachitika pamene maselo am'mawere amakula mosalamulirika ndikupanga chotupa. Zimachitika pa bere limodzi kapena mabere onse. 

Mitundu Ya Khansa Ya M'mawere

Chotupa ichi chimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe ili motere:

• Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: Ndi khansa yachiwiri yofala kwambiri, yomwe imapezeka mu njira ya mkaka ndipo imakhudza ziwalo zina za thupi. Vuto lamtunduwu nthawi zambiri limakhudza odwala 70% mpaka 80%. 

• Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Khansara yamtunduwu imapezeka makamaka mu ma lobules. Imafalikira kumagulu ozungulira am'mawere ofanana ndi ILC ndipo imakhudza 5% mpaka 10% ya odwala padziko lapansi. 

• Khansa Yotupa: Ndi matenda osowa komanso owopsa omwe maselo a khansa amalepheretsa mitsempha yamagazi pakhungu, zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa ndi kufiira m'mawere. 

• Matenda a Paget a m'mawere: Vutoli nthawi zambiri limapezeka pakhungu la nsonga ndi m'dera la ma cell akuda. Zimapanga maselo osiyanasiyana otupa, omwe amadziwikanso kuti Paget cell. Vuto lofalali nthawi zambiri limakhudza 1% mpaka 4% ya odwala. 

• Zotupa za Phyllodes: Zotupa za Phyllodes ndi khansa ya m'mawere yosowa kwambiri yomwe imapezeka makamaka mumagulu ogwirizanitsa. Vutoli limapezeka kwambiri mwa amayi opitilira zaka 40. 

• Khansara ya Metastatic: Ndi vuto lofala lomwe limapezeka makamaka kupitirira mabere, monga chiwindi, ubongo, mapapo, kapena mafupa. Izi mtundu wa khansa amadziwikanso kuti 4-siteji khansa ya m'mawere. 

• Khansa Yoipa Katatu: Ndi nkhani yosowa komanso yaukali yomwe ilibe zolandilira za HER2, estrogen, ndi progesterone. Vutoli ndi lovuta kwambiri kwa madokotala chifukwa chosowa njira zochizira. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza 10% mpaka 15% ya odwala. 

• HER2-Positive Cancer: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a HER2. Vutoli limachiritsidwa makamaka ndi chithandizo chamankhwala omwe akutsata. 

Zizindikiro za Khansa ya M'mawere

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za vutoli ndi izi:

• Ululu M'mawere: Vutoli limadziwikanso kuti mastalgia, lomwe limachitika chifukwa cha ululu kapena kusamva bwino kwa bere. 

• Kutopa: Khansara ya m'mawere imayambitsa kutopa m'thupi lathu, zomwe zimabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa mahomoni ndi kutupa.

• Kutupa m'mawere kapena underarm: Ndicho chizindikiro chofala kwambiri cha khansa ya m'mawere, yomwe imapangitsa kuti chifuwa chanu chikhale cholimba komanso chosapweteka. 

• Zosintha mu Nipple Area: Khungu la nsonga zamabele limakhala lofiyira, lotupa, kapena lokhuthala, zomwe zimatsogolera ku khansa ya m'mawere mwa anthu. 

• Kutupa kwa Lymph Nodes: Vutoli lingayambitse kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes pansi pa mkono kapena kuzungulira kolala. 

Kodi Mungachiritse Bwanji Khansa ya M'mawere?

Khansara ya m'mawere ingapewedwe m'njira izi:

• Pitirizani Kunenepa Mwathanzi: Odwala kunenepa kwambiri ali pachiwopsezo cha khansa iyi. Kudya moyenera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kumathandiza kuchepetsa vutoli komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino kwa munthu. 

• Siyani Kusuta: Kusuta kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere mwa odwala. Choncho, wodwala ayenera kusiya kusuta kuti achepetse chiopsezo chawo komanso kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino. 

• Khalani Amphamvu Mwathupi: Kuyenda, kusambira, kapena kupalasa njinga ndi zina mwazochitika zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa. Munthu ayenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa sabata limodzi kuti akhale olimba. 

• Idyani Zakudya Zoyenera: Mapuloteni owonda, ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, ndi mbewu zonse zimapindulitsa pa thanzi lanu. Zakudya zopatsa shuga, nyama yofiyira, ndi zakudya zochepa zomwe zakonzedwa zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa. 

• Pewani Kumwa Mowa: Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa mwa anthu. Choncho, munthu akhoza kumwa mowa umodzi kapena kuchepera pa tsiku limodzi. 

Njira Zochizira Khansa ya M'mawere

Njira zochizira khansa ya m'mawere zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi izi:

Kuzindikira ndi Kuchita

Kuzindikira ndi gawo loyamba pochiza vutoli. Izi zimaphatikizapo biopsy, mammogram, kapena ultrasound kutsimikizira khansa ya m'mawere m'thupi lathu laumunthu. Pambuyo pa chitsimikiziro, sitepe yotsatira ndi staging, yomwe imatsimikizira ziwalo za thupi zomwe zimakhudzidwa chifukwa cha vutoli. Izi zakhala zothandiza kwa madokotala pochiza khansa ya m'mawere mwa odwala.

Opaleshoni

Ndi chithandizo chofala kwambiri, chomwe chimaphatikizapo njira zingapo. Kuchotsa lumpectomy kumachotsa chotupa ndi mbali yaying'ono ya minofu yozungulira. Kuchotsa mastectomy kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa bere lonse. Mutha kusankha mtundu wa opaleshoni kutengera zomwe mukufuna kuti mupeze chithandizo cha khansa.

Mankhwala Opanga Mafuta

Mankhwalawa amapha maselo a khansa pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa. Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa makamaka akachitidwa opaleshoni kapena ngati munthu akudwala khansa yachiwiri ya m'mawere.

Thandizo Lolinga

Thandizo loyang'aniridwa ndi chithandizo chomwe chimayang'ana mbali zina za ma cell a khansa. Mwachitsanzo, Herceptin ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza khansa yomwe imapezeka chifukwa cha mapuloteni a HER2. Njira yothandizirayi ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena, omwe amapereka zotsatira zabwino pa thanzi la wodwalayo.

mankhwala amphamvu

Mankhwala a chemotherapy amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamene khansa ya m'mawere yayamba kuchepa komanso kukhala yoopsa kwa odwala. Amapha maselo a khansa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi pochiza khansa isanayambe kapena itatha opaleshoni.

immunotherapy

Immunotherapy ndi njira yabwino yothandizira, yomwe imathandizira chitetezo chamthupi kulimbana ndi ma cell a khansa. Ndikofunikira makamaka pochiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansa ya m'mawere mwa odwala. 

Kuwunika pafupipafupi

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mammograms ndi mayeso a m’mawere kuti azindikire khansa ya m’mawere pamene vuto limeneli n’lochiritsika kwambiri kwa odwala. Ayenera kutsatira malangizo a dokotala malinga ndi msinkhu wawo komanso zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo.