Khansara ya m'chikhodzodzo ndi yosowa mtundu wa khansa. Zimayambira m'chikhodzodzo, kachiwalo kakang'ono kamene kamasunga mkodzo wako. Masiku ano, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha khansa ya chikhodzodzo m'chipatala. Zimaphatikizapo opaleshoni, yomwe ndi chithandizo choyamba cha matendawa. Pali mwayi woti matendawa abwerenso pambuyo pa chithandizo. Chifukwa chake, odwala ayenera kukhala osamala potsatira omwe amawasamalira.

Madokotala amatha kuchiza khansa ya chikhodzodzo itangoyamba kumene. Ndizowona kuti pafupifupi 75% ya khansa ya chikhodzodzo imayambanso.

Kodi Khansa Yachikhodzodzo Ndi Yofanana Bwanji?

Khansara ya m'chikhodzodzo ndi khansa yachinayi yomwe yafala kwambiri mwa amuna ndi anthu omwe amasankhidwa kukhala amuna pobadwa (DMAB). Mitundu ya amuna ndi akazi ndi gulu la DMAB ili ndi mwayi wopeza matendawa kuwirikiza kanayi kuposa azimayi komanso osankhidwa kukhala azimayi pobadwa (DFAB). Komabe, popeza omalizawo sadziwa zizindikiro za khansa ya m'chikhodzodzo, amatha kukhala ndi matenda apamwamba.

Malinga ndi Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network, azimayi sawona magazi mkodzo (hematuria). Ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba komanso chofunikira kwambiri cha khansa ya m'chikhodzodzo, chifukwa imakhudzana ndi matenda am'mimba. Matendawa amakhudza amuna akuluakulu omwe ali ndi zaka 55 kapena kuposerapo. Pafupifupi, odwala amakhala ndi zaka 73 akapezeka ndi matendawa

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Khansa Yachikhodzodzo

Zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa khansa ya chikhodzodzo sizikudziwikabe, ndipo kafukufuku akuchitika. Ziwopsezo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakulitsa mwayi wanu wokhala ndi vutoli ndi:

Kusuta Ndudu: Izi zimakulitsa kwambiri chiopsezo chanu chotenga khansa ya chikhodzodzo. Kusuta mapaipi ndi ndudu, komanso kukhudzidwa ndi utsi wa fodya, kungapangitse ngozi yanu.
Zaka ndi Kugonana: Anthu opitirira zaka 55 amadwala matendawa. Amuna akuluakulu ali pachiopsezo chachikulu kuposa akazi chifukwa cha kusuta kwawo komanso kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala oopsa.
Kuwonekera kwa radiation: Chithandizo cha radiation cha khansa chikhoza kukweza mwayi wanu wopeza khansa ya chikhodzodzo.
Kukhudzana ndi Ma Chemicals: Anthu ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda ovutawa omwe amagwira ntchito m'mafakitale opangira mankhwala. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chikhodzodzo mobwerezabwereza, miyala ya chikhodzodzo, kapena matenda ena a mkodzo amatha kukhala ndi squamous cell carcinoma.

Zizindikiro za Khansa ya Chikhodzodzo

Chizindikiro chodziwika kwambiri ndi magazi otuluka mumkodzo. Onetsetsani kuti mulumikizana ndi azaumoyo ngati zili choncho. Zizindikiro zina ndi izi:

Hematuria, kapena Magazi Owoneka Mkodzo: Popanga urinalysis, akatswiri azachipatala amathanso kudziwa kuchuluka kwa magazi mumkodzo.
Dysuria, kapena ululu pamene mukukodza: Ndi kutentha kapena kuluma komwe kumatha kuchitika musanayambe kapena mutatha kukodza. Amuna omwe ali pa DMAB amatha kumva kupweteka kwa mbolo asanayambe kapena atangokodza.
Kukodza pafupipafupi: Kukodza pafupipafupi kumasonyeza kuti mumakodza kangapo mkati mwa maola 24.
Kukhala ndi Mavuto pakukodza: Mkodzo wanu sungathe kuyenda mwamphamvu monga mwachizolowezi, kapena ukhoza kuyamba ndikuyima.
Matenda a chikhodzodzo osatha: Mwala wa chikhodzodzo, womwe ndi matenda aakulu a chikhodzodzo, umawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya chikhodzodzo.

matenda Mayesero

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mayeso imaphatikizapo:

Cystoscopy: Kachubu kakang'ono kotchedwa cystoscope amaikidwa mu mkodzo ndi chikhodzodzo. Kachubu kameneka kamakhala ndi disolo loyang'ana m'chikhodzodzo kuti aone ngati pali maselo osadziwika bwino.
Kusanthula mkodzo: Mkodzo umawunikidwa chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa magazi, mapuloteni, shuga, ndi maselo oyera kapena ofiira a magazi.
Mayeso Ojambula: Computerized tomography imalola dokotala kuyang'ana kapangidwe ka mkodzo thirakiti.

Njira Zochizira Khansa ya Chikhodzodzo

Izi zikufotokozedwa mwachidule pansipa:

Opaleshoni

Malinga ndi siteji ya khansa, dokotala anganene mtundu wa opaleshoni. Zitha kukhala gawo lochotsa chotupa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri kuti muchotse ma cell a khansa.

Kutuluka kwa Transurethral kwa Chotupa Chachikhodzodzo

Gawo loyamba kapena khansa ya m'chikhodzodzo yosasokoneza imasamaliridwa munjira yachipatala iyi. cystoscope imayikidwa mu mkodzo kuchotsa maselo otupa.

Radical Cystectomy

Iyi ndi njira ina ndipo imachitika pamene chotupa chafalikira kunja kwa chikhodzodzo. Chikhodzodzo chonse, ndi ziwalo zoyandikana zimachotsedwa.

Kusokoneza Mkodzo

Pamene chikhodzodzo sichigwira ntchito mokwanira ndondomekoyi ikuchitika. Njira yatsopano yopangira mkodzo imapangidwa

Chemotherapy ya chikhodzodzo

Izi zimathandizira ma cell a khansa omwe amapezeka m'chikhodzodzo ndipo amatha kubwereranso. Maselo amenewa akhoza kupita patsogolo kwambiri. Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito pano kuphatikizapo cisplatin, carboplatin.

Mankhwala Opanga Mafuta

Ngati opareshoni siitheka kapena ayi, ndiye kuti ma radiation amaperekedwa. Ndizofala pazochitika za Gawo II pomwe khansara yafika pamnofu, koma ikupita patsogolo.

Thandizo Lolinga

Kusintha kwa ma gene ndicho cholinga cha mankhwalawa. Imasintha maselo athanzi kukhala maselo a khansa. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala monga FGFR gene inhibitors amayang'ana maselo omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini komwe kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa.

Malangizo Opewa Kuchiza Khansa Yachikhodzodzo

Kupanga zisankho zabwino za moyo komanso kupewa zinthu zomwe zingayambitse chiopsezo ndizofunikira kwambiri popewa khansa ya chikhodzodzo. Nazi njira zosavuta zochepetsera chiopsezo chanu:

Siyani Kusuta: Ndilo chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya chikhodzodzo. Ngati musiya kusuta, zingachepetse kwambiri chiopsezo chanu. Pewaninso kusuta fodya.
Khalani ndi Hydrated: Mukamwa madzi okwanira, amathandizira kuchotsa poizoni wakupha m'chikhodzodzo chanu. Kumwa magalasi 8 amadzi tsiku lililonse kumapangitsa kuti chikhodzodzo chikhale chathanzi.
Zakudya Zoyenera komanso Zathanzi: Zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mbewu zonse zomwe zili m'zakudya zimakhala zathanzi komanso zabwino m'thupi.
Pewani Mankhwala Oopsa: Ngati mumagwira ntchito m'makampani opanga mankhwala kapena labala, tsatirani njira zodzitetezera ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zodzitetezera. Kukhala kutali ndi zinthu zoopsa kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya chikhodzodzo.
Tsatirani ndi Dokotala: Kukayezetsa pafupipafupi ndi kopindulitsa ndipo kumatha kuzindikira mavuto atangoyamba kumene.